The Pacific Ocean is the deepest and most significant ocean in the world’s oceanic division. It borders Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east. The sea covers an area of 165,250,000 km2. The ocean is subdivided by the equator into North and South Pacific Ocean. The Pacific Ocean has the majority of islands around the globe which are about 25,000. These islands include Mariana Island in the North West, the Caroline Islands in the center, islands of Kiribati in the south-east and the Marshall Islands to the west. The south pacific has low lying structures known as coral reefs that have built up on basaltic lava flows beneath the ocean’s façade ( Davies, Treml, Kenkel, & Matz, 2015) . The Great Barrier Reef is the most dramatic which is found in the northeastern Australia. Another coral reef is uplifted coral platform slightly larger contrary to the low coral island. Some examples include Makatea and Banaba coral reefs.
About oceanography, Pacific Ocean offers a wide range of topics from ecosystems, movement of sediments, seafloor geology, waves, marine life, and currents. The processes and properties of Pacific Ocean work together and cannot be separated to one another. Water chemical composition influences the types of organisms that live in the Pacific Ocean ( Caulfield, Blichert-Toft, Albarede & Turner, 2015) . These, in turn, provide sediments to the geology of the ocean floor. The Pacific Ocean contributes to the world’s economies in that it offers a wide range of activities such as fishing, explorations, and tourism.
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The Pacific Ocean has a distinctive critical feature (the Andesite line). The Andesite line offers a petrologic boundary that separates the deeper mafic igneous rocks of the interior Pacific basin from the partly submerged continental areas of felsic igneous rocks. The most interesting thing within the closed loop of the Andesite line is the submerged volcanic mountains where basaltic larva slowly flows out of rifts to form a big dome-shaped volcanic mountain ( Oyafuso, Toonen & Franklin, 2016) .
Reference
Caulfield, J. T., Blichert-Toft, J., Albarede, F., & Turner, S. P. (2015). Corrigendum to ‘Magma Evolution in the Primitive, Intra-oceanic Tonga Arc: Petrogenesis of Basaltic Andesites at Tofua Volcano’and ‘Magma Evolution in the Primitive, Intra-oceanic Tonga Arc: Rapid Petrogenesis of Dacites at Fonualei Volcano’. Journal of petrology , 56 (3), 641-644.
Davies, S. W., Treml, E. A., Kenkel, C. D., & Matz, M. V. (2015). Exploring the role of Micronesian islands in the maintenance of coral genetic diversity in the Pacific Ocean. Molecular ecology , 24 (1), 70-82.
Oyafuso, Z. S., Toonen, R. J., & Franklin, E. C. (2016). Temporal and spatial trends in prey composition of wahoo Acanthocybium solandri: a diet analysis from the central North Pacific Ocean using visual and DNA bar ‐ coding techniques. Journal of fish biology , 88 (4), 1501-1523.
