The issues facing the Sahel region, including Mali are multifold. Besides food insecurity and chronic malnutrition, this region of Africa is home to terrorist groups and drug traffickers. Terrorism and trafficking thrive due to ungoverned spaces. Lack of governance is largely responsible for declining humanitarian assistance and under-development. In general, regional conflicts, including inter-state rivalries characterize the ethnic and sectarian nature of politics in Mali.
Secondly, the needed stability functions include economic and infrastructure stabilization. Economic stability entails the provision of employment opportunities, initiating domestic and foreign investment, starting market reform, and investing in public structures. Activities that restore or reinforce civil rule would be crucial. The provision of security activities would bring much-needed humanitarian protection in the region (Sergeants Major Course, 2020a).
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Moreover, the first line of effort involves investigation and prosecuting terrorists and drug traffickers. The objective is to reduce the impunity and install a sense of civil administration. The second line of action entails building friendly networks to enhance intelligence and security.
I agree that the political breakdown in the Sahel region is responsible for conflicts, terrorism, and drug trafficking. Lack of strong political systems is responsible for inter-state conflicts, which eventually translate to the national competition, characterized by ethnic, territorial, and sectarian dimensions. Such destabilization efforts are like cancer. They not only affect the regional level but also involve brutal disputes at the local level (Sergeants Major Course, 2020b). The short-term and sustainable planning in the region should focus on various lines of effort. Military action may not bring long-term stability without involving local actors. The first line of action, therefore, is to support the formation of the civil administration to foster the rule of law. The presence of governance structures would go a long way in prosecuting terrorists and drug traffickers. Foreign military aid could be successful if it collaborates with a domestic government with tangible objectives.
References
Sergeants Major Course. (2020a). Planning for Irregular Warfare and Stability Operations (JP 3-07). Retrieved from http://armypubs.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_a/pdf/adp5_0.pdf
Sergeants Major Course. (2020b). Region in Crisis: Stabilizing Mali & the Sahel (J609). Retrieved from http://armypubs.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_a/pdf/adp5_0.pdf
