A2.
Functionalist theorists identify education functions and the social benefits they have towards the society. The five functions include: economic, political, social selection, transmission of society’s culture, and provision of innovations. The economic function assists the society to get a labor force with the needed skills to maintain the economy. The political function aids in getting the needed leadership to run the government. Transmission of culture function ensures schools are used to preserve societal patterns. The innovations function ensures the society is capable of surviving modern technology.
B2.
According to Weber, there exists a relationship between an individual being a protestant, and doing business, and that, religion has contributed a lot towards the present economic conditions. According to him, capitalism thrives on the spirit of realizing profit. For that reason, one side of Protestantism, referred to as Calvinism, finds success in worldly activities. They put value on materials and profits as God’s favor. Their approach paved way for the modern capitalism.
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C1.
The five stages are initial unrest and agitation, resource mobilization, organization, institutionalization, and decline and death. In the first stage, individuals express dissatisfaction about a certain issue in the society, and strive for change. In the second stage, people pull resources together such as money, communication gadgets and skills to enable them pursue the cause. In the organization stage, policies are made and tasks are shared. In the fourth stage, the movement has already put in place rules, hierarchy, and technical competence. In the last stage, changes have occurred, and people no longer show commitment towards pursuing a given cause.
Essay Question
Functional theoretical perspective holds that, society is made up of many sections, integrated together. Conflict theory holds that, society is made of diverse groups with different belief, values and interest. In applying functional theory in religion, education and economy, it’s visible that, each has different role to ensure the society runs smoothly. Conflict theory applies in religion, education and the economy as each has a role of nurturing people religiously, providing them with the skills needed to run the economy.
