The Three Factors That Influence Population Growth

The three factors that influence population growth in North America include immigration, birth rate, and death rate. North America is one of the nations that have high numbers of immigrants entering the country. Thus, the high flows of immigration have led to immense population growth in the country. As a result of this, the population in this country is expected to grow further. Death rates are low in North America because of the advanced healthcare system, and this has heightened its population growth. In North America, population growth can be controlled by formulating policies that determine the number of children people must have. Maddison, A. (2014). Economic Growth in the West: Comparative Experience in Europe and North America. Routledge. Malaria, cholera, and tuberculosis are the primary infectious diseases that are likely to be transmitted in South America (Chin & American Public Health Association). Plasmodium is the major parasite that causes malaria and humans are known to be the main reservoirs of malaria. The disease is spread through mosquito bites and as such, people diagnosed with malaria develop symptoms like a headache, sweats and chills, abdominal pain, fever, muscle aches, diarrhea, reduced appetite, vomiting, and nausea. Cholera is the other communicable disease caused by the Vibrio Cholerae pathogen. The marine environment and humans are the main reservoirs of the illness (Chin & American Public Health Association). Cholera is transmitted to humans through the absorption of unclean drinks and food. Diarrhea is considered to be the primary symptom of cholera 

Tuberculosis is another communicable disease in South America that is caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Since humans are the only reservoirs of the disease, it is transmitted to them through airborne particles. The most common symptoms of tuberculosis include fever, fatigue, night sweats, chills, coughing, and chest pains (Chin & American Public Health Association). In the next year, malaria is the communicable disease that is likely to be present in my neighborhood because of the presence of many breeding places in the area. Chin, J., & American Public Health Association. (2000). Control of communicable diseases manual (Vol. 17) Washington, DC: American Public Health Association. Hepatitis A is a foodborne disease epidemic that arose in Europe in 2013 and was associated with the consumption of shellfish and frozen berries (Wenzel et al., 2013). Although other factors such as sex might have contributed to the disease, consumption of contaminated food was the primary cause of the disease. The causative agent of Hepatitis is the hepatitis A virus. Humans and apes are the chief reservoirs of hepatitis A. The illnesses are spread through the ingestion of contaminated food or drinking dirty water. People infected with hepatitis A have symptoms such as fever, nausea, jaundice, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, and loss of appetite (Wenzel et al., 2013). From 2006 to 2007, there were 445 notifications of hepatitis in the world. Among these cases, 98% of them were confirmed while 4% were considered to be probable (Health.gov.au, 2016). The recent trends of hepatitis A are still increasing in many nations. To reduce cases of Hepatitis A, people should maintain high levels of hygiene. 

References

Health.gov.au,. (2016). Department of Health 3.3 Hepatitis A. Health.gov.au Retrieved 28 September 2016, from http://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/cda-cdi34suppl.htm~cda-cdi34suppl-3-vpd.htm~cda-cdi34suppl-3-vpd3.htm 

Wenzel, J. J., Schemmerer, M., Oberkofler, H., Kerschner, H., Sinha, P., Koidl, C., & Allerberger, F. (2014). Hepatitis A outbreak in Europe: imported frozen berry mix suspected to be the source of at least one infection in Austria in 2013. Food and environmental virology, 6(4), 297-300