In the study of human development, several scholars have in time come up with different views on what causes the changes in the behavior of individuals into the kind of people they become when fully grown up. From the view of Erik Erikson, he proposed a theory of psychosocial development comprising of eight stages. He further shows that the individual experiences psychological crisis in each of the stage which could either have positive or negative outcome for the personality development. Erikson also argues out that the ego of a person develops as it successfully resolves crises that are distinctly social in nature ( Kendra, 2018) . This involved the establishing a sense of trust in others, developing a sense of identity in a society and also helping out the next generation to prepare for the future.
Erikson talks on the first stage as the trust and mistrust as it involves the infant getting used to the new world. If the caregiver ensures that all the needs if the infant are met in a consistent manner then the infant we get to develop the attribute of trust and move on to the other stages. The infants who have successfully gone through this process get the virtue of hope. In that incase a new crisis will arise in the life of the infant they will have hope of resolving it. The second stage dealt with the issue of shame and doubt vs. autonomy which once the child went through it successfully they will attain the virtue of will (Taylor and Workman, 2018). Where by the child will be able to grow in their self-esteem and also feel confident and secure in their ability to survive.
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The remain stages also show how the child will react to every stage in their life and how the way they face the stages affects their outcome in personality hence leading to the kind of adults they become. This theory is related to the Freud’s theory of development where by as Erikson focused mostly on the ego of the individual, Freud’s theory focused on the conflict between the id and the superego in the individual as they grew.
References
Kendra, C. (2018). Erik Erikson Biography (1902-1994). History and Biographies . Retrieved May 23, 2018 from; https://www.verywellmind.com/erik-erikson-biography-1902-1994-2795538
Taylor, S. and Workman, L. (2018). The psychology of human social development: From infancy to adolescence . Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge. Print.
