1. What are some of the ways in which Trauma can affect an individual or family?
Each family member reacts differently to a traumatic event (Matheson, Foster, Bombay, McQuaid & Anisman, 2019). If family members do not understand each other's experience, it can lead to quarrels, communication disruptions, and other problems. Family members may feel depressed because of insecurity or lack of control, or because of the thoughts that a large amount of work needs to be done to get rid of the trauma. Moreover, family members may not know how to talk to each other correctly. Every person in the family tries to understand the traumatic situation and analyze their attitude to it. If talking with each other upsets family members, they often shun it. As a result, trauma can cause impatience, quarrels, misunderstanding, and rejection of each other between family members, and it negatively affects family life and relationships (Matheson, Foster, Bombay, McQuaid & Anisman, 2019). However, the process of overcoming crises can help family members get closer.
2. What are some important things we have come to understand about trauma?
A traumatic event is a negative experience in someone’s life that threatens the life or safety of a person and provokes psychological trauma (Matheson, Foster, Bombay, McQuaid & Anisman, 2019). Trauma is a stressful experience that has a significant impact on the emotional state of an individual. Trauma poses a severe public health problem because it is associated with chronic health problems, including heart diseases, various mental and behavioral disorders and others (Matheson, Foster, Bombay, McQuaid & Anisman, 2019). The main human reactions to a traumatic event include changes in the perception of time and space, loss of emotions, changes in the level of activity, various responses of the body, and others.
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3. How might a crisis situation become linked to a traumatic event?
A crisis situation is a trigger that reminds a person with a trauma of the event that has caused the trauma. A crisis refers not only to a traumatic event or experience but also to a person’s reactions to a situation (Matheson, Foster, Bombay, McQuaid & Anisman, 2019). A person with trauma experiences stress in a crisis situation, and it brings back memories of the traumatic event. An individual begins to feel unprotected against two stressful events: a crisis situation that exists in time, and a traumatic event that has arisen earlier.
4. How might the Trauma Recover 12 Steps be utilized to help an individual or family manage crisis and trauma?
The Trauma Recover 12 Steps approach to treating trauma emphasizes a linear healing model in which abstinence takes precedence over all other problems. However, this 12 Steps approach may be more harmful than useful. In this approach, great importance is attached to “subjugation” to a higher power, which can frighten or anger people who have experienced violence (Schneider, 2006). They had experience subordinating to someone's influence and often lost hope for higher spiritual forces that did not protect them in the past.
References
Matheson, K., Foster, M., Bombay, A., McQuaid, R., & Anisman, H. (2019). Traumatic Experiences, Perceived Discrimination, and Psychological Distress Among Members of Various Socially Marginalized Groups. Frontiers in Psychology .
Schneider, S. (2006). Psychological Trauma and Chemical Dependency (pp. 163-186). Haworth Press.
