The affective disorder is a set of psychiatric disorders that result from the imbalance of brain chemical or neurotransmitter. The cause of the imbalance is not clear though, sleep deprivation, obesity stress are associated with the disorders (Partonen & Pandi-Perumal, 2009) . Some forms that the disorders manifest include anxiety disorder, depression, and bipolar disorder. The various manifestations are related because they hamper the normal function of the human by altering the body’s physiological functions. A psychiatrist best diagnoses affective disorders through the administration of a mental evaluation. One is suspected of having affective disorders when they exhibit common symptoms that include restlessness, constant worry, irritability, trouble concentrating, and obsessive thought. Further, to the mentioned symptoms, they also affect the function of the human body as follows. The patients have difficulty sleeping, lose appetite, sweat, have shortness of breath, and sometimes lose appetite. Thus the individual physical appearance looks weak, confused, sickly and prone to attacks by opportunistic infections. The disorder is treatable using either therapy or medication. Nonetheless, a combination of both has proved the most successful (Peedicayil, 2018) .
Some Neurodevelopmental Disorders Resulting From Toxic Chemicals and Whether They Are Preventable
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Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of disorders that exhibit impairment of intelligence and social skill within the developmental period. One of the primary causes of increased prevalence among populations is exposure to toxic chemicals. The toxic chemicals cause a set of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, diminished intellectual function, hyperactivity, aggressiveness, cognitive impairment, and motor disorders. The neurodevelopmental disorders are preventable. However, they continue to affect the population because the toxins that increase their prevalence come from substances that humans use regularly. Some of the toxins include automotive exhausts, lead, methylmercury, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, perfluorinated substances, pesticides, and brominated fire suppressors. Most of the mentioned chemicals have not undergone an analysis to assess their effect on the human health. Furthermore, most of the regions that are heavily affected by their poisoning have weak or no legislation to protect its inhabitants from exposure. As such, the only way of preventing the neurodevelopmental disorders that are caused by toxic chemicals is finding non-toxic substitutes of the various products and prohibiting the manufacture and use of the toxic elements. An example is the abolishment of lead-based paints in most markets (Tran & Miyake, 2017) .
References
Partonen, T., & Pandi-Perumal, S. (2009). Seasonal affective disorder . Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Peedicayil, J. (2018). The relevance of epigenetics to seasonal affective disorder. Journal Of Affective Disorders , 239 , 201-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.015
Tran, N., & Miyake, K. (2017). Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Environmental Toxicants: Epigenetics as an Underlying Mechanism. International Journal Of Genomics , 2017 , 1-23. DOI: 10.1155/2017/7526592
