The high concentration of individuals and activities in cities has enhanced the relocation of more people from rural to urban centers in search of opportunities that develop the economy (Huong & Binh, 2018) . Urban areas are well known for employment opportunities in many sectors unlike the rural areas. Other factors such as access to quality services, availability of better medical care and quality lifestyle are among the reasons why there is a high concentration of people in urban centers. Urbanization has its advantages and disadvantages for the people, families and even companies that are involved in it as discussed hereinafter.
One of the benefits of urbanization is the convenience of goods and services Better healthcare services can be accessed in urban areas unlike in the rural regions. Moreover, the urbanization process has highly contributed to a boost in the productivity of labor which is a solution to a variety of social problems. The high concentration of employment opportunities in the urban centers makes it easier for individuals to earn a decent living. Urbanization gives room to social and cultural integration on a level that is not available in rural regions. In addition to that, the concept of urbanization has helped in the improvement of technology at a high rate due an increase in population. There is need to improve communication channels, marketing and dissemination of products and services because international companies invest more in urban regions.
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Among the many disadvantages of urbanization is that it has enhanced a negative impact on the environment and the general quality of life. There is a high rate of pollution in urban areas due to congestion. Urban regions exceed the maximum capacity to absorb waste and this impacts the health of individuals living in such areas negatively. The high prices on homes are another major negative impact of urbanization. It is costlier to live in large cities than it is to live in rural areas. The high populations have enhanced criminal activities in big cities, a vice that is hardly practiced in small towns. Overpopulation in urban regions has led to a strain on infrastructure due to the need of more movement from one region to another that has destroyed the available roads and bridges.
Urban life is better than rural life due to the fact that cities have well organized transport network systems than rural areas (Thorns, 2017) . The transport models include roads, rail and air which make it easier for people to move from one place to another. This provides the city residents with a variety of options when it comes to transport. In addition to that, there are separate paths for bicycles and pedestrians unlike in rural areas which have poor transport systems that include roads that are not tarmacked. Such roads cannot be used during the rainy season as they become muddy making it impossible for people to use them at their convenience.
There are better communication channels in large cities as compared to small towns. This is because of the communication equipment installed in urban centers by most communication companies that are not found in the rural areas. Such companies invest in big cities as they are sure of good returns on their investment which is brought about by the large concentration of people. One can hardly find installed communication transmitters in rural areas and this enhances poor communication networks in rural areas. People in the village struggle to look for areas that have network before they can communicate and this makes the whole communication process to become tiring and frustrating. Communication networks are everywhere in the cities even in poor neighborhoods. Moreover, there is a high level of security in urban areas as police are seen to patrol during the day and night. The CCTV cameras installed in urban areas make it easier for the law enforcement authorities to arrest criminals and solve crime related problems.
References
Huong, H. T., & Binh, D. T. (2018). Challenges of traditional markets in the urbanization process: the case of Hanoi, Vietnam. The 5th IBSM International Conference on Business, Management and Accounting 19-21 April 2018. Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam
Thorns, D. C. (2017). The transformation of cities: urban theory and urban life . Macmillan International Higher Education.
