Population growth is a major issue in the world. Industrialization, technological improvements in areas of medicine, agricultural, financial, and demographics have improved the mortality rate of people and increased birth rates. This has seen a rapid population growth in the last centuries. The fertility rate has increased by 1-2 % each year. Several factors have led to an increase in fertility rate.
Sanitation and Nutrition
Access to safe water, proper disposal of wastes, and sewages protect human health by providing a clean environment which in turn stops the transmission of diseases such as diarrhea and infections that could cause deaths. Nutrition involving taking balanced diets prevent risks of malnutrition, improve maternal health, and increase safer pregnancies. Therefore, causing a rise in pregnancies and decrease in mortality rate. Good sanitation and improved nutrition cause an increase in population growth which again is a major issue. Overpopulation makes it difficult to dispose of excess wastes which result in polluted water supplies and causes outbreaks of diseases. (Krans, 2018)
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Medical Improvements
There has been a rapid increase in technological development, especially in the health sector. Fertility drugs and hormonal injections boost the chances of getting pregnant for infertile couples. Surrogacy has risen to about 30% over the years. Proper medications and clinic visits have seen an increase in fertility rates among women. An increase in population growth causes a shortage in medical supplies, infections spread faster, there is a rise in sexually transmitted diseases and Aids. (Mazel, 2019).
I strongly feel that growth is a major issue in the world. The earth can only produce to sustain a certain amount of people. The rapid growth of people means that more food, water, and houses are needed to avoid rationing and scramble. Therefore, several measures need to be incorporated to ensure that overpopulation caused by the fertility rate is reduced. Education and increased awareness of family planning and the use of contraception should be included in schools to prevent unwanted pregnancies and risks of abortion. (Zastrow,2017). Counseling services and awareness of overpopulation should also be offered in the health clinics. (Juliano, 2008).
References
Juliano, T. [NFPRHA]. What is family planning? [ Video file]. 2008 Retrieved from
https://youtu.be/lnjy_zKInhk
Krans, Brian. Overpopulation: An Overlooked factor in Global Health . Healthline. (2018)
https://www.healthline.com/health-news/overpopulation/living-global-health.-crisis-031914
Mazel, Sharon. The Top Fertility Drugs used to help women get pregnant . What to expect. (2019) Retrieved from :
https://www.whattoexpect.com/getting-pregnant/fertility-tests-and-treatments/fertility-drugs/
Zastrow, Charles. Library. Introduction to Social work and Social welfare: Empowering peopl e (12ed). Boston MA. Cengage Learning. (2017)
