Question Two A
The U.S President Donald Trump has signed numerous executive orders since his inauguration into the office of the president. According t o Room (2017), the President is using executive orders as his strength to enforce most of his ideas. An interpretation and analysis of President Trump’s executive orders are enough to showcase his policies, political ideas, and the priorities of his administrations. An example of an executive order the president signed is "Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the U.S." It was signed on March 6 th the years 2017. It was an order that was revising the original immigration ban policy that Trump had signed. The order targets citizens from six Muslim-majority countries and bans them from entering the U.S. for 90 days. The countries on the list are Iran, Somalia, Sudan, Yemen, Syria, and Libya. Note that, Iraq was among the countries on this list before it was pulled out after its governments admitting it will share vital information with the Trump's administration.
Another executive order Trump has signed the "Comprehensive Plan for Reorganizing the Executive Branch.” Since his inauguration to the supreme seat in the United States, the president has had a lot of issues with anything that the Obama administration had done. President Trump has had issues with policies such as the Affordable Care Act that passed under President Obama, and "Comprehensive Plan for Reorganizing the Executive Branch” may be targeting more of Obama administration. It is an order that requires the Office of Management and Budget director Mick Mulvaney to propose a plan to reorganize the governmental functions and different agencies to eliminate any unnecessary positions and agencies to cut down the Federal spending. From the view, the president hopes that such a reorganize would improve efficiency, effectiveness, and accountability for different agencies at the executive level (L ckes et al., 2019).The aim thus is to have all such agencies undergo a thorough investigation targeting fiscal wastes and try to save the federal standing.
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The next executive order Trump has signed the "The Revocation of Federal Contracting Executive Orders." It was an executive order that legislatures signed on March 27 th , 2017. The order was also targeting some of the policies that were under the Obama administration. The order revoked vital components of the Obama administration's previous executive order banning federal contractors from discriminating against employees based on sexual orientation or identity, gay rights. This order is revoking the requirement that companies seeking federal contracts prove they are complying with the complied with federal laws banning discrimination based on sexual identity or orientation.
The three executive orders from Trump's administration can shed light on the nature of this administration. A look at the executive order about "Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the U.S" shows that Trump administration is against foreigners in the country. It shed light on the reason behind his ambition to build a wall to deter foreigners from coming to the country. The president’s aim protecting America from immigrants, but it could also mean that the President is also against the idea of immigrants in the country. The executive order of "Comprehensive Plan for Reorganizing the Executive Branch" echoes Trump’s pragmatic approach to sensitive issues in the country. The president has been preaching the ideology of making America Great Again, trying to audit all the executive members against any fiscal waste could mean that he is serious about transparency, effectiveness, and efficiency of the U.S administration (L ckes et al., 2019). However, some critics would argue that such a move is to tarnish Obama's administration by eliminating the executive individuals that worked under him because the order aims to cut Federal spending. Still, there is no projected amount of money that it will save.
The last order places Trump's administration under question on his view about the minority group in the country and whether he sees it fit for the employers to discriminate employees based on their gender, payments, and disabilities. The Obama administration had executive order protecting the minorities such as gays and lesbians. It was also an order that was championing fair pays and even good working condition. By revoking such orders, it is evident that Trump's administration is exposing minorities to discrimination.
Question Two B
Executive orders have been used many times by different presidents in the history of the United States. The executive orders are documents that the presidents at his will use to reorganize the administration in a manner that suits their styles of leadership and management. In most cases, the executive order showcase the political ideologies of the presidents and thus is critical for their administrations. Note that Congress and Federal courts can strike down executive orders that exceed the scope of the president's authority . However, the presidents have the power to utilize such orders to reshape the administration and foster the ideas that suit the styles of preferences. In the United States, there have been many presidents that have come up with numerous such orders to make the country better. In the United States, President Franklin D. Roosevelt still holds the record for most presidential executive orders with his tally at 3721 orders (L ckes, Wiggins, Rayens, Edwards & Hahn, 2019).
Presidents use these executive orders to either perpetuate their ideas that are critical for the country or gain control of the states. Many Presidents have positively used Executive orders to foster positive ideas for the developments of the country. President Abraham Lincoln is an example of such a leader. His Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, was a life-changing decision for the slaves as it freed many slaves and gave them a taste of freedom. Presidential Executive order was also used by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to creates jobs for people, reduce poverty in the country and also build a strong economy for the United States during the time of depression that had hit the country. Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the New Deal created the Civil Works Administration, which created about 4 million new government jobs.
President Harry Truman is another leader who used an executive order to foster development. Desegregation of the military in 1948 was an order that ended the racial discrimination that was in the military. President Obama also used many executive orders to foster the need to create a discriminative-less environment for the weak and the disabled member of society. He also used such orders to champion fair wages and better working conditions for the country. Further, he also had many orders targeting health, immigration, and other areas, which are critical for the development of the country. Donald Trump has even singed many executive orders which aim to improve the country's economy. Orders targeting agriculture, energy, and healthcare are all critical for the country's economic sectors. Further, there have been some orders targeting religious freedom, and the freedom of speech for university students, all of which aim to create is a nation for all people regardless of whoever they are in the country ( ORDER, 2017).
Other than that, there have been cases where different Presidents in the United States have used different executive orders to discriminate against some group people in the country. In this sense, such cases underline the abuse of power through the use of executive orders by the presidents. Donald Trump is a culprit in many critiques’ eyes. People term Trump’s orders targeting immigrants as discriminative as they were signed in the wake of a debate concerning many immigration laws and policies, which he also signed targeting some specific group of people in the country. George W. Bush is also among those presidents who had a controversial order that restricted people from accessing documents of the previous presidents. Bush also had an order in the year 2008, directing federal agencies to ignore future budget earmarks that lawmakers do not vote on and include in legislation that passes. Clinton and Kennedy also had some controversial order that is an example of orders that underscore the presidential abuse of power through the use of executive orders (Geltman, Gill, & Jovanovic, 2016).
Question Two D
The first lady’s office in the United States has a critical role in being part of a government that cares for its people. Throughout history, the government involves the first ladies in many essential projects which have been beneficial for the country. The main role of the first lady acting as a hostess in the White House and during many ceremonies and functions in the White House. Also, the first lady is responsible for facilitating the development of many forms in the country.
The presence of the first lady, Melania Trump, has also had some wonderful performance during her time at the white house. Since her first time in the year 2017 as the U.S first lady, Melania Trump has made cyberbullying her priority. With different cases of cyberbullying that come due to technology overwhelming mostly in the workplace and schools, it is necessary to come with strategies to combat this matter, and the first lady has made this as a number project in her office. In March 2018, she hosted executives from Google, Facebook, Amazon, and Twitter to make her first public remarks on the topic. Cyberbullying has been particular for the first lady since her husband, Donald Trump, who critics accuse of using Twitter to bully many people. While recognizing her critiques about Trump's culture of the Twitting, the first lady said, "I am well aware that people are skeptical of me discussing this topic, I have received criticism for my commitment to tackling this issue, and I know that will continue. But it will not stop me from doing what I know is right." The quotes show her commitments to tackling the matter (Weiss, Bolter & Kipp, 2016).
However, Melania Trump is not the only first lady to make such impacts while at the office of the first lady. There are many examples of first ladies that also equal her achievements based on projects they successfully worked on and had an impact on the populations. Michele Obama is an excellent example of another first lady that did very well in her position. She was the brain behind let’s move, a program that targeted obesity among children in the country. It focused on providing healthier food in public schools, helping kids be more physically active, and urging companies to market healthier foods to children. Though they had different ideas, other programs, Melania and Michelle's ideas, both healthy concern population. Laura Bush, on the other side, focused on education (He, 2016). Education is critical for the country because the USA succeeded due to its learned population. While at the office of the first lady, she championed educational reforms, better salaries for the teacher, high education for the student, and many other educational reforms that were critical for the entire country.
References
Geltman, E. G., Gill, G., &Jovanovic, M. (2016). Impact of Executive Order 13211 on environmental regulation: An empirical study. Energy Policy , 89 , 302-310.
He, Z. (2016). A New Chinese First Lady: Is There Systematic Development? (Doctoral dissertation, Duke University).
Ickes, M. J., Wiggins, A., Rayens, M. K., Edwards, J., & Hahn, E. J. (2019). Employee adherence to a tobacco-free executive order in Kentucky. American Journal of Health Promotion , 33 (1), 24-29.
ORDER, E. (2017). Presidential Executive Order on a Comprehensive Plan for Reorganizing the Executive Branch.
Room, B. (2017). Executive order: Protecting the nation from foreign terrorist entry into the United States.
Weiss, M. R., Bolter, N. D., &Kipp, L. E. (2016). Evaluation of The First Tee in promoting positive youth development: Group comparisons and longitudinal trends. Research quarterly for exercise and sport , 87 (3), 271-283.
