Art work has been considered as one of the major ways through which artists get to share or communicate their ideas to the audience. With the focus on the three significant movements in western culture; ( Enlightenment, Romantic, Modern), this paper will present their contributions to specific art works.
Thesis : For the Enlightenment, the painting (Et in Arcadia Ergo), by Nicholas Poussin, c. 1630s has been selected because it favors line over color, as well as favors order, and logic. For the Romantic Movement in western culture a painting, (the nightmare) by Henry Fuseli has been selected because it embraces freedom as well as promotes justice. The architecture for the modern movement of the western culture is the Eiffel Tower by Gustave Eiffel because it depicts the new styles and designs of architecture.
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Enlightenment
Enlightenment is considered as a philosophical movement during the 17th and the 18th century Europe. During this period or Age of Enlightenment, rationalism was emphasized. It can also be indicated that, during this period, neoclassicism was in practice and the art work or paintings were characterized by clarity of form, sober colors, as well as shallow space, and strong horizontals. It can also be noted that, the verticals of neoclassicism render the subject matter timeless, rather than temporal, as in the dynamic Baroque works, as well as portrays classical subject matter ( Berger, 2017) . Neoclassicists had a belief that sturdy drawing was rational, and hence morally superior, and that art should be cerebral, not sensual ( Munteanu, 2018) . The above ideas are therefore considered to be the significant ones in connections to contributions to arts. Additionally, the paintining (Et in Arcadia Ergo), by Nicholas Poussin, c. 1630s is has been selected for the enlightenment movement because it serves all the facets that the movement presents.
(Et in Arcadia Ergo), by Nicholas Poussin, c. 1630s
Romantic
Romanticism era is believed to have begun in the c1780 and stopped in the 1830. When the 18 th Century was almost coming to an end and the 9 th century approaching, Romanticism rapidly spread through Europe as well as the United States to encounter the rational ideal that was maintained in the Enlightenment movement (Landa, 2016) . During this movement, the artists stressed that sense as well as emotions and not simply reason and order: were equally significant means of comprehending and experiencing the world ( Hemingway, & Wallach, 2015). In other words, romanticism incorporated individuality and subjectivity to counter the excessive insistence on the logical thought. Artists started exploring different emotional and psychological states and moods. It is therefore believed that, this contribution was important in art as it provided various meanings that were shown or presented in art works. The painting (the nightmare) by Henry Fuseli clearly reveals the major ideas associated with the Romantic Movement since it presents emotions of the artist majorly from the drawing.
(The nightmare) by Henry Fuseli
Modern
According to Normand, (2017), what is referred to as the Modern Art lasted for a whole century and comprised of numerous art movements , which also embraced everything from pure abstraction to hyperrealism; from anti-art schools like Dada as well as the Fluxus to classical art work and sculpture; from Art Nouveau to Bauhaus and Pop Art. The modern movement could also be associated with art works, music, and architecture. It can therefore be noted that, the modern art work was associated with various differences as well as important ideas that promoted to more advanced art work ( McCormick, 2017) . For example, the modern movement was associated as is believed to be different from other movements because it embraces the use of new materials, and technology, it also shows new techniques or designs as well as expressive use of color ( Mirzoeff, 2018) . The architecture work presented below, (Eiffel Tower by Gustave Eiffel) has been selected for the modern movement because it shows the application of new techniques or designs as well as expressive use of colors and new materials.
(Eiffel Tower by Gustave Eiffel)
Conclusion
Conclusively, for the Enlightenment, the painting (Et in Arcadia Ergo), by Nicholas Poussin, c. 1630s has been selected because it favors line over color, as well as order, and logic. For the Romantic Movement in western culture a painting, (the nightmare) by Henry Fuseli has been selected because it embraces freedom as well as promotes justice. The architecture for the modern movement of the western culture is the Eiffel Tower by Gustave Eiffel because it depicts the new styles and designs of architecture.
References
Berger, S. (2017). The art of philosophy: Visual thinking in Europe from the late renaissance to the early enlightenment . Princeton University Press.
Hemingway, A., & Wallach, A. (2015). Transatlantic Romanticism: British and American Art and Literature, 1790-1860 . University of Massachusetts Press.
Landa, J. A. G. (2016). Criticism after Romanticism: 2. Art for Art's Sake. 3. Impressionism and Subjectivism. http://ssrn. com/abstract= 2801069 .
McCormick, J. (2017). Fiction as Knowledge: Modern Post-romantic Novel . Routledge.
Mirzoeff, N. (2018). Bodyscape: Art, modernity and the ideal figure . Routledge.
Munteanu, C. (2018). Et in Arcadia ego. A Semiotic Exercise regarding the Relation between Text and Image. EIRP Proceedings , 13 .
Normand, T. (2017). The Modern Scot: Modernism and Nationalism in Scottish Art, 1928-1955: Modernism and Nationalism in Scottish Art, 1928-1955 . Routledge.
