Battelle Development Inventory 2nd Edition
This is a developmental assessment for early childhood, and its main purpose is to evaluate and screen the early childhood developmental stages for the non-English proficient children and guardians (Newborg, 2016) . It measures the personal-social, cognitive, adaptive, communication, and motor during the early childhood development. It gives the parent and the child an opportunity of recording the child’s behaviors and unique skills. The type of test involved in this assessment toll includes observation, checklists, and an inventory interview. The target age groups are between 1 years to 7years 11 months (Abeker, 2015) .
The reliability of this assessment tool lies between 0.90 and 0.99 (Abeker, 2015) . This tool is highly reliable, and for better results, the caregiver and the child can take and retake the test. The reliability of this tool was achieved by sampling 800 children, and each group consisted of 100 children from age 1 to 8 years old (Newborg, 2016) . The results gave the reliability of 0.90 to 0.99 (Abeker, 2015) . Consequently, the evidence of validity is that the test was carried out by sampling 800 children who were between ages one to seven years.
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The validity of the second edition is even higher than the previous one. BDI’s screening test consists of 100 test items which include 20 test items from each domain which can be used for screening purposes if the full assessment is to be administered (Abeker, 2015) . The five domains that BDI covers includes cognition (attention, memory, reasoning and academic skills, perception and concepts), personal-social (self-concept and social role, adult and peer interaction), communication (expressive and receptive), adaptive (self-care and personal responsibility) and motor (perceptual, fine and gross) (Abeker, 2015) . The test can be administered either through interviews with caregivers, parents or teachers, observation of the children under study in their natural environments and also through standardized or structured tests (Newborg, 2016) . The complete BDI-2 test takes 12 hours while the screening test is usually between 10-30 minutes (Newborg, 2016) .
Some of the agencies that use this assessment tool in the early childhood settings include the Local Education Agency and any other local agency that is concerned with early childhood development.
Strengths and Weaknesses
The strengths of BDI include; it meets all the requirements of IDEA because it measures communication, adaptive, personal-social, cognitive and motor (Newborg, 2016) . It has well-established norms that are acceptable to child’s development stages. The test has separate categories that give scores of each category without completing the entire test. The test is reliable in showing whether a child is a right fit for extra services or if the child needs early intervention.
The weakness of the BDI assessment tool is that it has a high initial cost which may discourage parents from buying. It requires a lot of time to complete the test. Another disadvantage if BDI is that it is not very popular because of its high initial cost investment and also the amount of time that is required to complete the test. BDI-2 also requires additional studies on stability while using entire age ranges.
The best way to use BDI with young children is to allow them to take tests in categories for best results.
Research the Ages and Stages Questionnaire Social Emotional ( ASQSE )
This test is important in childhood development stages because it helps to identify the social-emotional problems in a child. Social-emotional problems could be as a result of poverty, anxiety, antisocial behavior and depression (Bagner, Rodríguez, Blake, Linares, & Carter, 2012) . The ASQSE test screens communication, self-regulation, adaptive behaviors, compliance, and autonomy of a child. It is suitable for ages between one month and seven months. Each age category has specific questionnaires to be filled, and each questionnaire takes 10-15 minutes.
This test has been investigated with a sample size of 14,074 children from different families and age groups. The test reliability was found to be 89%, with a consistency of 84% and validity value of 83% (Salomonsson & Sleed, 2010) . This test provides high accuracy levels of the test. Some of the agencies that use this assessment tool in the early childhood settings include the Local Education Agency and any other local agency that is concerned with early childhood development.
Strengths and Weaknesses
It is an accurate screening took for identifying social-emotional challenges for children at an early age (Salomonsson & Sleed, 2010) . The earlier the problem is identified, the better because it will be dealt with at an early age and allow the child to reach their full potential as they grow up. It is a reliable test because it only focuses on a social and emotional aspect of a child. It also provides further assessment test for monitoring and evaluating the growth of the child. The assessment program kit is easy to understand.
The weaknesses of this tool include: it has a high initial cost. Although the trial version is available, it is not very useful as buying the whole product kit. It focuses on only emotional and social development of a child. If a parent needs to measure other child’s development aspects, they will need to buy another assessment tool. One questionnaire can take up to 15 minutes which can be tiresome for the child. The best way to administer this test is to allow the child to take one questionnaire at a time.
References
Abeker. (2015, March 16). Battelle Developmental Inventory . Tests and Measures. Retrieved from http://blogs.elon.edu/ptkids/2015/03/16/battelle-developmental-inventory/
Bagner, D. M., Rodríguez, G. M., Blake, C. A., Linares, D., & Carter, A. S. (2012). Assessment of Behavioral and Emotional Problems in Infancy: A Systematic Review. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev , 113-128.
Newborg, J. (2016, September 23). Battelle Developmental Inventory™, Second Edition Normative Update . Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Retrieved from http://www.hmhco.com/hmh-assessments/early-childhood/bdi-2
Salomonsson, B., & Sleed, M. (2010). The Ages & Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional: A validation study of a mother-report questionnaire on a clinical mother-infant sample. Infant Ment Health , 412-431.
