Astronomy is studying celestial bodies outside the earth's atmospheres and includes stars, other planets, galaxies, asteroids, and the relationship between these bodies. These studies can be traced back to the Hellenistic and Roman eras before the medieval Islamic world adopted it. Medieval Muslims were interested in astronomy deposit the existing prohibitions. This persistence was due to their considerations of celestial bodies as essential and relevant to human life sustainability. On the other hand, Astrology is the idea that the positioning of the stars affects the occurrences on the planet, including weather patterns.The medieval Islamic world emphasized astronomy, which subsequently played a significant role in the revival of European and byzantine knowledge, most of which was initially lost during the early medieval period.
The first institution that studied and taught astronomy was the 'house of wisdom' in the Abbasid caliph in the 9th century. Astronomy during this period played a significant role in the translates of knowledge in various aspects, which were then used as the basis for knowledge in Baghdad and Damascus between the 9th century and the 16th century. On the other hand, Astrology was the belief that the positions of the stars and the planets affected the occurrences on earth. These beliefs were shaped in the medieval Islamic world and used to explain the different phenomenon. It can therefore be deduced that astrology and astronomy played a significant part in the medieval Islamic world. It represented the evolutions of culture ad transformation through knowledge based on the understanding of the celestial bodies and their relationship to human life in terms of continuity and its relations to religions.
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A celestial globe was formed in 1364, detailing the constellations and the planets based on the minimal resources viable in the medieval period. Although there are no celestial antiquities from the medieval period, their designs were preserved and used as a basis for education. These designs were integral in the educations of the medieval Islamic world and defined their lives through advanced educations and knowledge of the universe. According to these celestial structures, the start was mapped into three main dimensions, based on the people's perceptions, and entailed the people's visualizations as being inside the sphere looking up or outside the sphere looking down. Despite the minimal resources in technology, the medial Islamic scientist believed that the earth was spherical and surrounded by other planets and stars. The understanding of the universe was the beginning of technological advances in understanding the earth as well. The beliefs surrounding the stars and the other planets also referred to as astrology, were also the basis for understanding occurrences in including eclipses. Studies show that most of the medieval celestial globe structures did not have regions that represented both longitudes and latitude. However, they inducted the understanding of the earth's surface ad its role in weather patterns and other occurrences, including the eclipse of the sun and the moon. Understanding celestial bodies were also used to facilitate religious beliefs on the universe and Allah's role in creating and sustaining the universe. Although astronomy and astrology have advanced in the current Islamic world, their basis can be traced back to the medieval period. Most of the current knowledge in existence was all drawn from the cumulated knowledge collected during this period in time.
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