Organ donation remains a topic that raises many questions surrounding bioethics. The ethical issues raised by organ donation prove to be many and complex. The major issues associated with organ donation include the ethics involved in the procurement of organs, the morality involved with body parts transplantation and allocation ethics. It remains the fact that medical advancement is essential in saving lives, although organs to be donated are scarce. Many issues arise as far as the scarcity of organs is concerned; for instance, the issue of allocation. Many candidates are always on the waitlist, and thus it raises the question of who should get the transplant and who should miss.
In the United States, there is an increase in the number of patients that need organ donation; for example, the patients that need a kidney transplant are estimated to increase by 7-8% annually. The laws that govern organ donation in the US exist under the UAGA (1). Following the UAGA, a surrogate can accept a gift from a donor at the time of their death, and a donor can donate their demise ( Myser, 2003) . The level of controversy over the issue is high in the US because neurological criteria are used to determine the death of an individual. Some people have arguments that question if the donors of the organs are dead since they do not validate the circulatory and neurologic death.
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In India, there is an increasing number of people in the middle class, the gap between the poor and the rich widens, and challenges of the national health insurance scheme. The problems have led to the business in organ donation to be in the rise where it is a solution to some and business opportunity to others (Shroff et al., 2003) . There are laws are governing the practice of organ donation in India, for instance, the Transplantation of Human Organ Act (THO). In India, the controversy over the issue of organ donation is low because, in the country, the trade on organs can be equated to any other challenge that has a societal problem, for example, prostitution and child labor. The major case in India concerning organ transplants is the commodification of the organ donations. According to the WHO, the sale of human organs is against the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Compared to the United States, India faces inequalities among the rich and the poor, poverty, and corruption. With many people wallowing in poverty, they consider the sale of their organs, for example, the kidneys to raise cash. The issue of the sale of organs is against the law in India and is considered a punishable offense.
References
Myser, C. (2003). Differences from somewhere: The normativity of whiteness in bioethics in the United States. American Journal of Bioethics , 3 (2), 1-11.
Shroff, S., Navin, S., Abraham, G., Rajan, P. S., & Suresh, S. (2003). Cadaver organ donation and transplantation: an Indian perspective. In Transplantation proceedings (Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 15-17).
