Borderline personality disorder entails a mental disease that is characterised by a persistent series of differing traits, moods and self-image. The symptoms are usually as a result of impulsive actions and troubles in relationships. Patients suffering from the disorder may potentially struggle with immense periods of anger, anxiety and depression that may stand for hours and even days (National Institute of Mental Health, 2017). Theories have been developed by various scholars in a plight to explain the Borderline Personality Disorder. For this paper, the Biosocial Theory of Borderline Personality Disorder will be studied to determine how it relates to the disorder. In addition, the paper will discuss the viewpoint of the theory and that of the sociocultural point and understand how they may both view abnormal behaviour.
Biosocial Theory
The biosocial theory was invented by Linehan in the year 1993 and acts as one of the first delineated models of the borderline pathology. The theory insists that Borderline Personality Disorder comes from the dysregulation of emotions and the transactions conducted between persons having biological vulnerabilities and particular emotional aspects of response (Borderline Treatment, 2018). The theory insists that the dysfunction takes place across all the aspects of emotional responses. The emotional dysregulation creates a dysfunctional pattern of response during times of emotional challenges. According to Crowell et al. (2009), key biological substrates such as emotional dysregulation contribute to the situation and further heighten the emotional distress levels.
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Comparison with Sociocultural viewpoint
The sociocultural perspective suggests that the Borderline Personality Disorder comes about the social environments in which people reside. According to Choudhary (2014), a study was conducted in Paris on an Indian who had started suffering from Borderline Personality Disorder just after moving to Canada and suggests that India provided protection against the disorder.
In the sociocultural context, the borderline personality disorder is brought about by societal practices that expose one to distressful and negative themes in their environment. In response to these environments, people develop habit that serves as their culture or new way of life in order to counter the adversities exposed to them (Choudhary, 2014). The perspective is contrary to the biological view that insists all the emotional changes erupt from biological responses to environments by suggesting that the disorder entails a lengthy pattern of inner behaviour and encounter that diverts significantly from the expectations of one. Biologically speaking, hormones are released in the body to help raise emotions so as to counter the brain activated emotions sent as signals across the entire body.
Similarity in Viewing Abnormal Behaviour
The two theories view the abnormality in a similar way because they both accept that it comes about as a response to a trigger environment. Therefore, they are in agreement that the disorder is not a hereditary problem but one that is brought about by the environment. It is imperative to appreciate that the two theories or views rather agree that there is a character response to whatever triggers the emotions of an individual.
Difference in Viewing the Disorder
The two perspectives hold different views in relation to the disorder because they suggest that it is as a result of different things. One insists that the environment or social setting influences a person to develop a trait that counters the environment in which they dwell. On the other hand, the biosocial theory insists that a biological cum hormonal response is triggered to counter environments but the response causes excessive emotions in one.
Benefits or Drawbacks of Multiple Theories to the Disorder
The primary benefit to applying multiple theories to such disorders is that they are able to provide all possible angles of the sources and effects of the disorder. Secondly, multiple theories show the interrelation between factors that cause the disorder and hence provide a detailed analysis of the situation. The drawbacks include lack of certainty that is caused by confusion created by the theories. It becomes difficult to pin down the major cause of a disorder when many theories explain different things.
Conclusion
Borderline Personality Disorder is an illness characterised by heightened emotions. According to the biosocial theory, the disorder comes from dysregulation of emotions and the transactions conducted between persons having biological vulnerabilities and particular emotional aspects of response. However, a counter perspective of the sociocultural idea differs by suggesting that the disorder emanates from environmental exposure.
References
Borderline Treatment. (2018). Biosocial Theory of BPD: Invalidating Environment - Borderline Personality Disorder Treatment. Retrieved from https://www.borderlinepersonalitytreatment.com/biosocial-theory-bpd.html
Choudhary, S., & Thapa, K. Socio Cultural Perspective of Borderline Personality Disorder.
Crowell, S. E., Beauchaine, T. P., & Linehan, M. M. (2009). A biosocial developmental model of borderline personality: Elaborating and extending linehan’s theory. Psychological bulletin, 135(3), 495.
National Institute of Mental Health. (2017). NIMH » Borderline Personality Disorder. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder/index.shtml
