Disability Insurance: What It Is and How to Get It

Antonak, R., & Livneh, H. (2000) Measurement of attitudes towards persons with disabilities . Disability and Rehabilitation, 22 (5), 211-24. 

This particular text is about the subject of disability. According to the author, disability is one of the main factors that affect the health and wellbeing of many people around the world. In addition, it is a subject that can adversely affect the kind of care people receive and the quality of life that they live. The trend is attributed to the fact that many people have negative attitudes towards those with disability. In this study, the authors conducted a review of the instruments used to measure attitude towards people with disability. Moreover, the authors focused on ten direct measures and the fourteen indirect measures that have been used to determine people’s attitude towards those who have various forms of disability. In the study, the authors also identified the problems linked with the direct measures of disability. They argued that the kind of measurement instruments that are used in some cases may distort attitudes and lead to adverse and inappropriate conclusions. The authors of this particular text also concluded that the available instruments provide an avenue through which caregivers and researchers can understand the manner in which those with disability are perceived. This peer reviewed journal article will be used in the current study since it offers vital information on the subject of disability. Moreover, the authors of the text addresses the negative attitudes that are usually linked with disability. The source will be used in this study to examine the way people with disability are usually treated. In addition, the source will be used to identify ways of improving the wellbeing of people with disability. 

Bonaccio, S., Connelly, C. E., Gellatly, I. R., Jetha, A., & Martin Ginis, K. A. (2020). The participation of people with disabilities in the workplace across the employment cycle: employer concerns and research evidence.  Journal of business and psychology ,  35 (2), 135–158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-018-9602-5 

Health care among patients with disabilities is one of the most ignored aspects of care. The needs among the people with intellectual disabilities are greatly compromised in comparison to the general population. The authors attributed the trend to factors such as stigma and lack of understanding about the needs of such patients. In some cases, maintaining proper health among patients with intellectual disabilities is a challenge since they do not get support from healthcare professionals. In the long run, such patients struggle to improve their overall well-being and quality of life . The severity of the health problems affecting patients, age, and living conditions have been reported as some of the main factors that may influence oral well-being among individuals with intellectual disabilities . Furthermore, the limited availability of resources and poor access to professional services could also compromise the oral health of patients. Consequently, there is a rising need to highlight the challenges facing people with disabilities . Besides, there is a need to enhance knowledge and attitude towards dental health in order to improve the delivery of healthcare services to the people with intellectual disability . This source will offer vital insights about the workplace experience among the people who suffer from various forms of disability. In addition, the study provides insights into the negative views that different members of the community have regarding the subject of disability and the participation of those with disability in the mainstream workforce. Moreover, the study offers critical information on how the needs of the people who have disability can be met so that they can live a normal life. 

Shpigelman, C., & HaGani, N. (2019). The impact of disability type and visibility on self‐ concept and body image: Implications for mental health nursing. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 26 (3), 1-12. 

This peer reviewed journal article is about the problems affecting people with disability. The author remarked that those with disability usually face discrimination and stigma. In addition, they struggle to live a normal life or develop their self-concept. Presently, most of the research on the subject has been on the psychological implications of noticeable disability. Minimal attention has been given towards understanding the experience and struggles of the individuals who have invisible forms of disability. Consequently, thee group of people continue to face stigmatization in the society. It is against this background that the researchers conducted a study to examine the effect on disability type on body image and self-concept. Using a cross-sectional quantitative design, the researchers collected that that could be used to examine the subject of body image, self-concept and invisible disability. A total population of 119 people with disability were included in the study. The results of the study show that those with invisible forms of disability usually report low level of self-concept and body language compared to their counterparts who have visible forms of disability. In addition, the researchers stated that the body image perception and the self-concept among the people with disability differed based on family status, severity of their conditions and gender. This study is important since it extends the current knowledge about disability. In addition, it shows that the visibility of disability may play a critical protective role for people with physical disability compared to their counterparts who suffer from invisible disability. The study will help in examining the subject of invisible disability. 

Valeras, A. (2010). We don't have a box": Understanding hidden disability identity utilizing narrative research methodology. Disability Studies, 30 (3), 1-13. 

This is a peer reviewed journal on the subject of hidden disability. According to the author, disability is one of the issues that affect many patients. In the last decade, concerns have been raised regarding the physical and mental health challenges affecting many people around the world. Healthcare practitioners and researchers have been working to develop new methods that can be used to address the mental health issues affecting many people. The process entails understanding the specific needs of the patients and creating plans that can be used to address them. Some of the areas where the researchers and practitioners have focused on include the use of technology in the healthcare sector, evidence-based decision making, and innovation. When it comes to disability, it is imperative to consider both the invisible and visible identifiers. The primary objective is to understand the experiences of the people who have different forms of disability. Once the needs are highlighted, it is upon the caregivers to develop care plans for delivering quality care. Furthermore, the people with disability require constant support to be able to live a normal life and overcome the challenges that they face. The article by Valeras (2010) offers critical information regarding the issue of disability and how it affects people. The authors highlight the importance of examining the identifiers of hidden disability. The information contained in the paper will be used in the current project to make a case regarding the extent to which hidden disability is affecting many people. Moreover, the data will be helpful in examining how the challenges facing people with disability can be addressed. 

Vickers, M. (2000). Stigma, work, and “unseen” illness: A case and notes to enhance understanding. Illness, Crisis and Loss, 8 (2), 131-151. 

This peer reviewed journal article is about the unseen illnesses and disabilities that affect many people around the world. The researcher conducted a phenomenological study to examine the work and life of the people who suffer from invisible chronic illnesses and disabilities. The study showed that such individuals are usually exposed to stigmatization. In addition, the struggle to live a normal life. The trend is attributed to the fact that some members of the society do not understand the needs of people chronic illnesses. In addition, it may be caused by the negative perceptions that people have about disability. In an attempt to make sense to this particular trend, the author also examined literature on the extent to which such individuals were being stigmatized. The study revealed that the stigmatization process entailed targeting different aspects of disability and illness. Vickers (2000) further argued that the increasing cases of disability is usually influenced by a wide range of issues such as moral judgments, lack of knowledge about the illness, and wrong diagnosis. In other cases, the lack of awareness about the specific needs of the people with disability, coupled with lack of training and knowledge can worsen the situation. This source will be used to examine the stigmatization that is associated with disability. In particular, the source will be used to examine how lack of awareness and knowledge lead to the stigmatization of those who have some form of disability. Moreover, the study will offer vital insights into the experiences of those who have been diagnosed with different forms of disability.