1 Sep 2022

113

Domestic Violence Survivors: What You Need to Know

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Academic level: Ph.D.

Paper type: Research Paper

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Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) is a critical concern for society and public health professionals in different ways. An increase in the number of people grappling with the issue is the core of the motivating factors for rethinking more effective solutions. DVA may affects everyone, regardless of their age and gender. Besides, exposure to domestic violence and associated implications does not end with sound psychological and social conditions. People do not anticipate becoming victims or perpetrators of domestic violence. On the contrary, they become caught up in the underlying implications that are often physical and psychological. The increased prioritization of DVA also concerns the indirect implications for the family and community. Domestic violence between parents often hurts children and the rest of the family members (Pitt et al., 2020). The implications are immeasurable, especially based on the little incentives to influence the conflicts positively. The community impacts traces from the attitudes towards the victims and perpetrators. Instances where the community appear to favor either gender or age group, promotes greater psychological implications on the victims. The other trajectory regarding DVA pertains to reinventing solutions to the victims. Treatment and care for victims of domestic violence have historically prioritized psychological support. However, health support has evolved over the years to increasingly advocate for physical treatment. Physical activity as an adjunct for mindfulness-based cognitive therapies is found to be effective based on a multifaceted support system that prioritizes the reactions and capacity of the patient. 

The induced vulnerability on the people grappling domestic violence is partly connected to the isolation from society. Unlike other causes of psychological and physical harm such as drug abuse, domestic violence arises as a sensitive and controversial topic (Pitt et al., 2020). Myriad scientific research inquiries have delved into the use of physical activity as an adjunct treatment for persons grappling with domestic violence. The group is in tandem with the survivors manifesting posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Therefore, outsiders cannot be easily involved in domestic wrangles despite being aware of the gravity of the issues. People tend to be encouraged to embrace understanding and forgiveness to deal with underlying causes of misunderstanding and violence within the homestead. However, in such situations, society identifies with the gravity of DVA when the victims have already suffered worse scenarios. The victims of DVA are also part of the impediments for a lasting solution in different ways (Mocanu et al., 2018). They are unable to leave violent homes and relationships for fear of social stigmatization and loss of self-identity. The multifaceted situation of the victims and survivors of domestic violence is an effective foundation for enhanced solutions, chiefly the physiotherapies. 

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PSTD is one of the biggest concerns among physicians and other public health stakeholders looking to support the victims of domestic violence. The affected persons can be dealing with a single or a wide category of posttraumatic conditions. The addition of physical activity commences with the appreciation of the complexity of the implication of DVA. Therefore, it is necessary to reinvent the treatment options by focusing on the physical and mental aspects of the survivors. However, the process of shifting to physical therapy, coupled with the multifaceted aspects of PSTD, the process presents several incentives. The main inducement entails the anticipation of a lengthy and involving treatment process by the survivors (Motta, 2018). The victims tend to express agitation and exhaustion as the immediate implication of domestic violence. The situation originates from the denial of a physical and emotional space to practice desired actions and feelings (Mocanu et al., 2018). Therefore, the inclination to search for medical solutions does not rely on overcoming domestic violence alone. 

Aerobic exercises are some of the widely applicable physical therapies for the victims of domestic violence, chiefly those manifesting PSTD symptoms. Researchers establish interests in different aspects, especially the implications felt by different categories of the population. For instance, adolescents are found to witness positive results by capitalizing on preexisting interests and capabilities in relevant physical activities adding physical activity (Motta, 2018). Physicians enjoy the ease in recommending appropriate activities such as jogging and kickboxing. The study on the youths revealed that the inclination to relive pressure was an effective strategy for eradicating anxiety and depression (Motta, 2018). Besides, aerobic activities are a safe strategy for expressing agitation using physical means. The recovering persons can achieve a compassionate yet involving therapeutic process in a controlled environment. 

While physicians are unaware of the exact value and mechanizations of physical therapy in addressing PSTD symptoms, various hypotheses are used to facilitate greater efficacy. Thermogenic hypothesis is one of the relatable approaches to the value of the physical process as it considers the elevation of body temperatures as the mechanism for inducing emotional stability (Motta, 2018). The process is especially useful as it focuses on vital organs and physiological systems of the brain. In addition, it is a foundation for revisiting day-to-day activities and confronting personal or professional limitations. The process of adding physical activity also help to shape individual views about the environment. For instance, rather than having therapy sessions in a secluded environment, one can engage new people such as trainers. It offers a platform for the realization of new trends and expectations. 

The endorphin hypothesis is also an effective explanation regarding the role of physical therapy in enhancing treatment for the depressive elements of PSTD. The effectiveness of yoga traces from a standard connection between the body and mind (Dale et al., 2011). The trainers shape the emotional and physical soundness of the patient that they can induce the desired feelings by focusing on multiple physiological elements. Women are conspicuously exposed to yoga and associated complications. Besides, the majority of the victims of domestic violence are women, including those with extreme symptoms of PSTD. Unlike aerobic activities, they can involve myriad unrelated activities, and yoga is highly controllable and safe. It also attracts different emotional inducements, including those tied to autonomic functions (Dale et al., 2011). The various dynamic enhancements also support the unique struggles affecting women facing posttraumatic stress, especially regarding intrusions and hyperarousal. The realization of the underlying complex therapeutic capabilities is useful when controlling and enhancing essential autonomic nervous system capabilities. It commences with standard processes such as effective breathing, to other processes requiring actual body movements. . The framework considers the elevation of endogenous opiate B that results from rigorous physical engagements (Dale et al., 2011). There is a deviation that results from the disparities in the types of exercises. Aggressive forms such as back stretches are preferred compared to mild exercises such as jogging. Yoga practice has also been part of extensive research to discover inherent therapeutic capabilities for victims and survivors of domestic violence. 

Impacting the Negative Self-View 

There are different approaches to adding physical activity as an adjunct to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. The modification is intended to impact the negative self-view felt o the victims and recovered person. One may feel ashamed about an apparent manifestation of weakness. Besides, domestic violence triggers a situation of defenselessness. The victim, especially for the case of women, has to overlook individual vulnerability for the sake of the children. The process of confronting a negative self-view is an effective platform for facilitating an emotional response activity (Mocanu et al., 2018). The process requires a comprehensive physical activity that unifies the mental and physical self. Yoga is widely used to offer a sound emotional response. It can solve negativities such as self-doubt by minimizing mind wandering. The recovering patient achieves a different view about relaxation and stress. The trainer supports the process by affirming the feeling of agitation and self-doubt are to be targeted at the external environment as opposed to remaining within the mind. The use of yoga also reveals that the effectiveness of physical exercises in enhancing the health of the individual increases with the enhancement in the level of speed of various activities. Therefore, persons dealing with PSTD symptoms come to terms with aggressive practices such as sprinting.  

Various researchers are cognizant of the usefulness of physical activities in enhancing the overall wellbeing of the person. According to Maniccia & Leone (2019), running is found to be an effective strategy for enhancing the physical and psychological abilities of a person. The underlying inducement is based on the involvement of elaborate body processes and the use of the mind to establish stability. Besides, running induces a positive link to the treatment and control of cardiovascular diseases. The improvement can be tied to the overall enhancement in the distributions of oxygen through the body. Running is also effective as it consolidates internal elements of the body with the external systems. Maniccia & Leone (2019) associated with domestic violence with intimate terrorism. The plight of women comes in handy as the primary victims of the situation. Therefore, physical therapy arises as an immediate intervention measure for the victims. Women do not only require restoring psychological soundness while recovering from domestic violence. In addition, they have to be prepared for physical defense against the perpetrators.  

The modification of the supports support systems for physical activity with regards to adjunct to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy also covers the improvement in the quality of life. Such a perspective is vital, especially the patient looking for enhanced psychological wellbeing. A person grappling with the loss of self-acceptance can benefit due to renewed perceptions of function (Lubans et al., 2016). A therapist engages the victim or survivor of domestic violence in a series of physical processes, beginning with perceptions of functions covering relevant aspects such as self-perceptions. It ensures a renewed understanding of underlying abilities and physical identity. Correspondingly, the emotional function covers intricate aspects such as depression and mood. The fact that the mental self operates in tandem with the key physiological aspects of the body is an important incentive for effective solutions. The therapist focuses on improving the available support systems for overall health improvement.  

Enhancements Foreseeable Future Professional Implications 

Physical activity is found to promote effective healing and pain management for post PSTD symptoms. Based on Liedl et al. (2011), there are no proven results regarding the association of neurological elements with physical activity. The series of scientific research inquiries reveal various gaps that are subject to continued studies. Various potential neurological and biological enhancements come in handy, as seen with the case of persons grappling with chronic pain (Hallgren et al., 2015). The realization of inherent neurological and biological enhancements also covers the gravity of mental disorders. The immediate improvements commence with the improvement of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (Martinsen, 2008). However, despite the vulnerability felt to the victims of domestic violence and the persons on recovery, essential solutions are available based on physical therapy. 

On the other hand, there are numerous areas of foreseeable future professional implications. A large proportion of the areas of research revolves around shaping different levels of the population towards dealing with PSTD symptoms. Adolescents are some of the widely identified sections based on higher vulnerability and exposure to worse outcomes (Concepcion & Ebbeck, 2005). It will be imperative to offer lasting solutions and to define the actual changes. The other area of study relevant to the discussion is based on the critical connections between mental health and physical exercises. It is useful for actual treatment procedures for the victims of domestic violence (Kim et al., 2012). The other trajectory for continued research activities covers the complex studies involving severe epidemiological issues. One of the specific areas of concern entails uncovering the therapeutic benefits of exercises for specific conditions. Such a study would support effective treatment and enhance the identification of the diagnostic options available to patients (Zschucke, Gaudlitz & Ströhle, 2013). The other aspect of the improvements regards institutionalizing sporting as a strategy for dealing with PSTD symptoms. The strategy is useful in consolidating emotional support with existing physical therapies. The technique will empower individuals to maintain standard lifestyles and enhance their overall preparedness in dealing with the implications of domestic violence (Concepcion & Ebbeck, 2005). The other aspects pertaining to the role of the internet is enhancing the available support systems. It will be necessary to revisit the existing sports and methodical physical activities for the benefit of a person dealing with PSTD and recovering from domestic violence. It is also beneficial to help the victims to acknowledge individual capabilities for dealing with PTSD symptoms.      

The assessment reveals that physical activity as an adjunct for mindfulness-based cognitive therapies is found to be effective based on a multifaceted support system that prioritizes the reactions and capacity of the patient. The existing research considers the survivors with a negative self-view who is also associated with worse outcomes. The group is in tandem with the survivors manifesting posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. PSTD is one of the biggest concerns among physicians and other public health stakeholders. On the other hand, the affected persons can be dealing with a single or a wide category of posttraumatic conditions. Aerobic exercises are effective physical therapies for the victims of domestic violence, chiefly those manifesting PSTD symptoms. Correspondingly, y oga practice has inherent therapeutic capabilities for victims and survivors of domestic violence. The effectiveness of yoga traces from a standard connection between the body and mind. 

References 

Concepcion, R. Y., & Ebbeck, V. (2005). Examining the physical activity experiences of survivors of domestic violence in relation to self-views.  Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 27 (2), 197-211. 

Dale, L. P., Carroll, L. E., Galen, G. C., Schein, R., Bliss, A., Mattison, A. M., & Neace, W. P. (2011). Yoga practice may buffer the deleterious effects of abuse on women's self-concept and dysfunctional coping.  Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma 20 (1), 90-102. 

Hallgren, M., Kraepelien, M., Lindefors, N., Zeebari, Z., Kaldo, V., & Forsell, Y. (2015). Physical exercise and internet-based cognitive–behavioural therapy in the treatment of depression: randomised controlled trial.  The British Journal of Psychiatry 207 (3), 227-234. 

Kim, Y. S., Park, Y. S., Allegrante, J. P., Marks, R., Ok, H., Cho, K. O., & Garber, C. E. (2012). Relationship between physical activity and general mental health.  Preventive medicine 55 (5), 458-463. 

Liedl, A., Müller, J., Morina, N., Karl, A., Denke, C., & Knaevelsrud, C. (2011). Retracted: physical activity within a CBT intervention improves coping with pain in traumatized refugees: results of a randomized controlled design.  Pain Medicine 12 (2), 234-245. 

Lubans, D., Richards, J., Hillman, C., Faulkner, G., Beauchamp, M., Nilsson, M., ... & Biddle, S. (2016). Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: a systematic review of mechanisms.  Pediatrics 138 (3), e20161642. 

Maniccia, D. M., & Leone, J. M. (2019). Theoretical framework and protocol for the evaluation of Strong Through Every Mile (STEM), a structured running program for survivors of intimate partner violence.  BMC public health 19 (1), 692. 

Martinsen, E. W. (2008). Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression.  Nordic journal of psychiatry 62 (sup47), 25-29. 

Mocanu, E., Mohr, C., Pouyan, N., Thuillard, S., & Dan-Glauser, E. S. (2018). Reasons, years and frequency of yoga practice: Effect on emotion response reactivity.  Frontiers in human neuroscience 12 , 264. 

Motta, R. (2018). The Role of Exercise in Reducing PTSD and Negative Emotional States. In  Psychology of Health-Biopsychosocial Approach . IntechOpen. 

Pitt, K., Feder, G. S., Gregory, A., Hawcroft, C., Kessler, D., Malpass, A., ... & Lewis, N. V. (2020). The coMforT study of a trauma-informed mindfulness intervention for women who have experienced domestic violence and abuse: a protocol for an intervention refinement and individually randomized parallel feasibility trial.  Pilot and feasibility studies 6 (1), 1-14. 

Zschucke, E., Gaudlitz, K., & Ströhle, A. (2013). Exercise and physical activity in mental disorders: clinical and experimental evidence.  Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health 46 (Suppl 1), S12. 

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StudyBounty. (2023, September 16). Domestic Violence Survivors: What You Need to Know.
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