The Acronym
The acronym in the video is made from a symbolism of a hippopotamus wearing a hat. The hat stands for three of the four main parts of the limbic system, including the hypothalamus, amygdala, and thalamus. The hippopotamus represents the fourth part known as the hippocampus (Emotions: limbic system). The four parts make up the limbic system, which deals with memory and emotions. The limbic system generally works by influencing the autonomic nervous and endocrine system.
Parts of the Limbic System
Thalamus
The thalamus acts as the sensory relay station in the brain. All the senses, including sight, touch, and sound, travel through the nerves and end up in the thalamus. The thalamus responds by redirecting the senses to appropriate areas of the cortex and other brain regions. However, the sense of smell bypasses the thalamus. Senses have a critical role in the emotions of an individual.
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Amygdala
The amygdala is also referred to as the aggression center. The stimulation of the amygdala generates feelings of anger and violence. Fear and anxiety also emanate from this region. The bilateral destruction of the amygdala results in the causation of a syndrome known as the Kluver-Bucy.
Hippocampus
The hippocampus plays a significant role in the formation of new memories. It assists in the conversion of short-term memory into long-term memory. Memories have a significant role in evoking memories. Any damage to this part negatively impacts an individual's ability to form new memories. However, the long term memories remain the same.
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus. It is among the smallest parts of the human brain and accounts for less than 1%. It has a significant role in regulating various functions of the brain (Emotions: limbic system). In regards to emotions, the hypothalamus regulates the autonomic nervous system. It does so by influencing the endocrine system.
Reference
Emotions: limbic system | Processing the Environment | MCAT | Khan Academy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GDlDirzOSI8
