The shift from national governance to global governance in the some years ago has made it necessary for decision makers to involve the civil society and other outside actors in the process of decision-making, formulation of policy and upholding the rule of law. As a result, globalization requires governments to consider the interests of the citizens or civil society in both planning and acting. According to Castells (2008), global governance has been made possible through the public sphere. This is because it enables citizens to contribute freely to the political institutions in the society. This means that governments do not have complete powers to determine the future of its citizens. Rather, the voice of citizens through various institutions or actors in the society has a responsibility of ensuring proper governance. This shift comes with many benefits to the public in different ways. Some of the most important external actors engaged in global governance and the benefits of their engagement in the process are briefly discussed below:
Civil Society
Involving the civil society in global governance improves the management of both institutions and organizations. This in turn improves on the well-being of all citizens by increasing connections with other countries in the world. According to Castells (2008), participation of the civil society in global governance through the public sphere enhances globalization of the major economic, communicative and cultural activities. It becomes easier to participate in international matters such as the required economic standards. It also becomes easier to take part in international trade and also make the required changes in order to achieve the necessary international standards (Castells, 2008). In addition to improvement of globalization, if the civil society is allowed to participate in the governance of their states, powers of state leaders becomes limited. States can no longer misuse the powers of the citizens because it becomes easier for the citizens to challenge or question the powers and practices of their leaders (Castells, 2008).
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Non-Governmental Institutions
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) operate independently. However, these NGOs are closely concerned with matters affecting citizens in different states. Such matters include security, human rights and welfare, disasters among other issues. On the other hand, the major role of the government is to ensure the well-being of all the citizens. This means that the main function of NGOs is to ensure that all the functions of the government are related to the well-being of the citizens and the general public (Dany, 2014). Therefore, involving NGOs in the governance of the state ensures that the powers of various governments in all countries of the world are balanced. This makes it easier to achieve the goals (Dany, 2014).
International Non-Governmental Institutions (INGOs) operate across the world with similar principles, goals and objectives for the benefit of citizens in all the states. According to Patrick (2014), international NGOs can be regional or international. Their common characteristic is that they must have at least three member states in which they operate. Their structure and operation is based on principles that are similar to those of NGOs. Involvement of INGOs in matters of state governance is also important in balancing and moderating powers, policies and practices of different countries. It also assists to bring countries together for trading and other exchange programmes.
Most International NGOs are commercial in nature (Patrick, 2014). This means that involving them in the state governance enables states to get more money especially in time of need. For instance, International Air Transport Association provides financial support for the improvement of the member states’ air transport systems when the need arises. This assistance enables countries that are financially unstable to become economically stable. This is because it enhances both regional and international trade.
According to Willets (2014), International Organizations are good in their actions. They carry out an important mission of ensuring security and development. Their powers are not absolute and are not inherited. Organizations such as UN Security Council provide for equal powers to everyone. No one is above the powers. Involvement of such external actor in the governance of states ensures that all the decisions are made in a democratic way, considering the interests of the public very important.
Multi-Nationalism
Multi-nationals development leads to both regional and international cooperation among states. The states involved benefit by becoming economically stable. This corporation makes it easy to engage in the exchange in ideas, including systems of governance, exercise of power and authority as well as interaction that improves on sensitive matters like democracy and management. According to Jones (2005), exchange programs and influence that have lasted for long among countries have created many reforms in different forms of systems. Collaborating countries are important outside actors that bring about adjustments in the democracy of different countries and inclusive governance.
World Order
According to Kissinger (2015), the world has undergone many changes in the area of democracy for almost two centuries. Throughout this time, U.S and UK have been working hard to end communism and autocracy and maintain world order. Through economic empowerment of several states, US have managed to achieve world order in different countries of the world. This shows the importance of its involvement in the matters of governance and democracy. World order is necessary for democracy.
Involvement of the outside actors in the governance matters of states is an important way of maintaining and ensuring democracy among those states. From the above discussion, the role of outside actors is significant in ensuring that democracy prevails. Some of the most important outside actors include civil society, non-government organizations, international non-governmental organizations and multi-national relationships among other actors. In conclusion, outside actors should be allowed to influence the state governance to enable the states and their citizens realize the benefits discussed above.
References
Castells, M. (2008). The new public sphere: Global civil society, communication networks, and global governance. The aNNalS of the american academy of Political and Social Science , 616 (1), 78-93.
Dany, C. (2014). Janus-faced NGO participation in global governance: Structural constraints for NGO influence. Global Governance , 20 (3), 419-436.
Jones, G. (2005). Multinationals and global capitalism: From the nineteenth to the twenty first century . Oxford University Press on Demand.
Kissinger, Henry. World order . Penguin Books, 2015.
Patrick, S. (2014). The Unruled World: The Case for Good Enough Global Governance. Foreign Aff. , 93 , 58.
Willetts, P. (2013). The Voice of Which People? Transnational Advocacy Networks and Governance Networks at the United Nations.
