The theory was developed by Dr. Martin Fishbein. The theory was intended to predict and explain individual attitudes with regards to specific actions and objects. The gist of the theory suggests that an individual will continue to do a task or not based on the chances of failure in the outcomes of that action. Therefore, an individual is less likely to perform an action if it will fail ( Simons-Morton, McLeroy & Wendel, 2011) . Value refers to the different beliefs that individuals may have concerning the reasons they might engage in a task.
One of the three types of expectancy value theory is the theory of planned behavior (Casper, 2007). In this theory, an individual must consider the positive about the behavior, how dieting and exercising could help to even lose weight. Once you engage in the behavior, you get new information based on the experience, particularly the consequences of your behavior, and this is likely to affect your beliefs and attitude about repeating the behavior.
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Application of this theory establishes a formative pre-operative discourse. For instance, the expectancy value theory is applied in the intensive care unit of a hospital, where residents with different skill levels are assigned to patients of varying complex issues based on their ability to successfully treat and care for the patients. The expectancy theory thus suggests that when resident evaluations are conducted during rotations, progress towards advanced resident competence would be achieved – meaning overall improved skill levels among residents.
In conclusion, expectancy value theories normally provides one important way of thinking about which attitudes may be important with respect to personal health and health-related behavior. Its application is foundational to determining patient and physician behaviors in the care environment.
References
Simons-Morton, B., McLeroy, K. R., & Wendel, M. (2011). Behavior theory in health promotion practice and research . Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Casper, E. S. (2007). The theory of planned behavior applied to continuing education for mental health professionals. Psychiatric Services , 58 (10), 1324-1329.
