Fungal pathogens is a human bacteria which can cause various diseases which sometimes threaten the life of a person. An example is the Candida albicans which can cause an acute or sub-acute chronic infection (Staniszewska, Bondaryk & Kurzatkowski, 2013). Regarding its appearance, Candida albicans is soft with a smooth surface even though some strains might become wrinkled with a mycelial border (Staniszewska, Bondaryk & Kurzatkowski, 2013). Hence, the color of the colonies appear to be cream and sometimes becomes waxy. Moreover, Candida albicans cells can be seen through an unstained wet preparation (Acharya, 2016). In the Gram-stained smears, it is seen as gram budding yeast cells. Both the yeast and pseudohyphae are gram positive. Apart from that, it also appears to be attached pseudohyphae which reveal regular points of constriction (Acharya, 2016).
Candida albicans grows on sabouraud dextrose agar which mostly uses bacteriological media as it route (Acharya, 2016). It reveals a white creamy color colonies which are sometimes mistaken to be staphylococcus. Additionally, it can be identified through the use of germ tube test (Acharya, 2016). Therefore, one should be careful when analyzing the culture of Candida albicans not to confuse it with Staphylococcus. On the other hand, Candida albicans causes various diseases in human beings. Oral pharyngeal candidiasis is one of the diseases resulting from the pathogen, and it is mostly prevalent among HIV/AIDS patients. Vaginal thrush is another disease which usually affects women during their pregnancy period. Consequently, pneumonia and meningitis are also a disease caused by Candida Albicans.
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Research supported by the dean of research at the University of Jordan revealed that 12.4 % infants are infected with Candida species through oral or rectal sites (Isa, Shireen & Shehabi, 2009). Moreover, the fungal pathogen mostly affects the immunosuppressive patients (Yapar, 2014). Epidemiology of Candida albicans has increased in the recent years. Besides, the fungal pathogen has been reported in many countries especially the ones with immunosuppressive patients which include North America and Ethiopia (Yapar, 2014).
References
Acharya, T. (2016). Candida albicans: pathogenesis, diseases and laboratory diagnosis. Microbe Online . Retrieved on 27 April 2017 from http://microbeoneline.com/candida-albicans-pathogenesis-diagnosis/.
Issa, Y. S., Badran, F. E. & Shehabi, A. A. (2009). Epidemiological characteristics of Candida species colonizing oral and rectal sites of Jordanian infants. Biomed Central. Retrieved on 27 April 2017 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3182898/.
Staniszewska, M., Bondaryk, M. & Kurzatkowski, W. (2013). Candida albicans morphologies revealed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology . Retrieved on 27 April 2017 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3910194/#-ffn-sectitle.
Yapar, N. (2014). Epidemiology and risk factors for invasive candidiasis. Dove Press . Retrieved on 27 April 2017 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3928396/.
