The global water balance is maintained by the hydrological cycle that involves evaporations from water bodies, precipitation, and runoffs. Even though the atmosphere contains a smaller portion of the total water, it is still an important part of the cycle. On one hand, an increase in global warming leads to a rise in sea surface temperatures that would enhance other components of the cycle ( Mitchell, James, Forster, Betts, Shiogama, & Allen, 2016). Therefore, there is increased temperatures during the day and increased coldness at night. On the other hand, the increased evaporation of water would result in heavier rainfalls than usual instead of having more frequent rains over a longer duration. This is because of the increased water vapor concentration in the atmosphere. Additionally, the increased warming of the ice in polar regions and the increased capacity of water vapor in the atmosphere will lead to increased precipitation ( Mitchell, James, Forster, Betts, Shiogama, & Allen, 2016) . Melting ice increases the amount of water heated and the increased capacity allows for more water to be held in the atmosphere. In the end, there would be increased storms, flooding, and changes in the rainfall patterns.
If global warming is not properly addressed, the water level in oceans and seas will rise and increase the risks of flooding to adjacent lands. Flooding would, in turn, disrupt the normal functioning of the ecosystem and lead to further destruction of the flora and fauna. Toxic substances would easily find their way into water bodies and further causing water pollution while shorelines completely disappear ( Mitchell, James, Forster, Betts, Shiogama, & Allen, 2016) . Flooding also destroys the physical infrastructure that is costly to repair and restore and kills people who might not have been prepared. Coupled with increased frequency of storms, the destruction likely to be caused will be enormous and costly.
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References
Mitchell, D., James, R., Forster, P. M., Betts, R. A., Shiogama, H., & Allen, M. (2016). Realizing the impacts of a 1.5 C warmer world. Nature Climate Change , 6 (8), 735.
