Foreshadowing
A tool used to tell the reader, in advance, about future happenings. Most of the time, it appears at the beginning of the poem. For instance, ‘Rainbow sparks were showing and shining lights appeared’ is a form of foreshadowing that predicts optimism.
Round vs. Flat Character
A flat character’s actions can easily be predicted as they are uncomplicated whereas a round character undergoes development through the text and may exhibit unpredictable character that may sometimes catch the reader by surprise. An example of a round character is one who exhibits human characteristics and one that the audience can relete to. A round character has mixed emotions and may be happy and sad at different times. An example of a round character is one that has characteristics that can be recognized. Flat characters normally have one perspectivde about life. For example, they may always be spiteful.
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Symbolism
This is the use of items and symbols to represent an idea or a quality by giving those items a symbolic meaning that does not make literal sense. For instance, human beings use the dove as a sign of peace. The dove can be used in poems to represent the feeling of peace.
Connotation vs. Denotation
Denotation refers to the literal meaning of a word whereas connotation refers to the feeling that the world brings about. For instance, the denotation of the word commitment is the pledge to do something whereas its connotation is the emotional connection between two or more people.
Personification
This is the act of giving an object (anything that is not human) the characteristics or ability to perform human deeds. For instance, we a line in a poem can state ‘I wandered feeling lonely as a cloud’. In this case, the cloud has been thought to have the ability to feel and wonder.
Symbolism in a Poem
An example of a poem with symbolism is "My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold" by William Wordsworth. An excerpt of it is illustrated below:
My heart leaps up when I behold A rainbow in the sky: So was it when my life began; So is it now I am a man; So be it when I shall grow old, Or let me die!
In this context, the rainbow symbolizes hope and also childish wonder.
