Nutrition is a factor that requires improvement since it plays an integral role in the reduction of infant mortality. Nutrition is a multifaceted approach that requires sustained efforts to ensure the essential health needs of an infant are achieved ( Zanardi et al., 2016) . Due to its importance in the reduction of mortality rates among the infants, nurses should engage in campaigns that can help in addressing proper nutritional requirements and needs. The campaigns should aim at efforts that ensure mothers adhere to the nutritional guidelines geared towards better health of the infants. One will focus on objectives, scholarly information, conceptual framework, and health communication campaign in studying a health campaign.
Objectives
The audience will be acquainted with the right diet importance during pregnancy following the campaign completion. Similarly, the audience will be able to understand how the right nutrition can help in the reduction of mortality cases among the children. Lastly, the research will facilitate the understanding of the essential components that affect nutrition during pregnancy.
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Literature Review
Nutrition and Pregnancy Complication
According to Zanardi et al. (2016), nutritional deficiencies cause maternal anemia. The challenge is fatal among expectant women since it contributes to infant death and disabilities in the mother as a result of obstetrical hemorrhage. Lack of essential nutrition, as outlined by Keats, Imdad & Bhutta (2018), causes inflammation that can result in spontaneous preterm birth. Expectant mothers with deficiencies in essential nutrition components such as Vitamin A and zinc are at high risk of maternal infections. Therefore, expectant women need nutritious food to modulate inflammations.
Nutrition Focus on Infant Mortality Intervention
Oh, Keats & Bhutta (2020) view that women require appropriate nutrition throughout the pregnancy period. Expectant mothers need a supportive community environment for both the infant and maternal wellbeing. The author further alludes that expectant mothers should eat well, and thus, guidance on the essential nutrition is required. Educators, community, and health care should partner and provide education to expectant mothers regarding choosing healthy food. Hu (2015) views that; there is a connection between maternal nutrition and infant outcomes. As such, emphasis should always be on the dietary quality among pregnant women.
Conceptual Framework
Meta-Paradigm theory is the essential theory that will guide the study ( Uday & Högler, 2017 ). The rationale of selection was contributed by its structured way of how the campaign can be facilitated. The model is made up of four areas that are interrelated in nursing care, essential in addressing patient’s health and their wellbeing. The theory is made up of the person, environment, health, and nursing meta-paradigms (Schiavo 2016). Person meta-paradigm is based on the individual that is receiving the services. The environment component considers the surroundings affecting the patients while receiving care. The environment influences can be internal or external. The health meta-paradigm outlines on the wellness and health care access of the patient. Issues such as emotional, social, and physical wellbeing of the expectant mothers are integrated into this meta-paradigm. This ensures the patient receives maximum health benefits. The nursing component involves the delivery of required health outcomes to the expectant mother through the application of communication, skills, professional judgment, and collaborations. The nursing meta-paradigm integrates other components such as the person is offering services that ensure nutritional values required by the mothers is achieved.
Health Communication Campaign
Target Population
The target population for the study is expectant mothers from less privileged backgrounds who are between 16 and 40 years old. The main goal of research among them is to offer societal efforts such as educating the expectant women concerning the pivotal role that nutritious food has for the infant. Similarly, the investigation will also target nurses who work in the maternity department in the health care system. Training of nurses is done to enable them to offer nutritional guidelines to the mothers.
Communication channels
The communication campaign will utilize the use of vehicles and visiting hospitals that offer maternity services. Such will enable the campaign team to reach a large number of expectant mothers and nurses providing the services and, therefore, facilitate the passing of necessary information. However, the strategy might not be effective due to accessibility challenges; some of the maternity might be left out.
Message
The vital message revolving around the campaign is educating pregnant mothers on the role of nutrition in both the baby and maternal health (Schiavo 2016). Thus, training the expectant mothers will expose them to knowledge concerning their nutritional needs that are important for the baby too.
Communication Strategies
The campaign strategies that are effective in this project are face to face verbal communication and the use of brochures. This will facilitate effective communication of the message to the target audience due to its interactive nature. Verbal communication, as outlined by Hysen et al. (2017), helps in creating an environment that enables the viewer to practice the concepts taught. Despite that, one of the significant shortcomings is the failure of some expectant mothers to visit the hospital. The issues are caused by a lack of knowledge concerning the importance of prenatal care. Similarly, the duration for the campaign is short, and thus, the campaign team might not be able to reach out to many hospitals.
Campaign materials
The main campaign materials that will be used are audio-visual accessories and brochures. The audio-visual content consists of music and videos used for demonstration purposes. The use of video content is essential since it will allow the expectant mothers and nurses to remember for long concerning the nutritional requirements. Similarly, the use of video also allows the audience to observe the practical outcome and case studies regarding nutrition issues. Brochures will be used for reference purposes, extra reading, and it will provide lasting information on nutrition.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the presentation of the campaign publicly will help in the reduction of infant mortality rates. The information will enable a large number of people in society to acquire knowledge regarding the importance of a healthy diet during pregnancy. For example, men, women, and even mature children will learn concerning nutrition and share with expectant mothers.
References
Hu, Y. (2015). Health communication research in the digital age: a systematic review. Journal of Communication in Healthcare , 8 (4), 260-288.
Hyseni, L., Atkinson, M., Bromley, H., Orton, L., Lloyd-Williams, F., McGill, R., & Capewell, S. (2017). The effects of policy actions to improve population dietary patterns and prevent diet-related non-communicable diseases: scoping review. European journal of clinical nutrition , 71 (6), 694-711.
Keats, E. C., Imdad, A., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2018). PROTOCOL: Effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation during pregnancy on maternal, birth, child health and development outcomes in low ‐ and middle ‐ income countries: a systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews , 14 (1), 1-33.
Oh, C., Keats, E. C., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2020). Vitamin and mineral supplementation during pregnancy on maternal, birth, child health and development outcomes in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients , 12 (2), 491.
Schiavo, R. (2016). The importance of community-based communication for health and social change.
Uday, S., & Högler, W. (2017). Nutritional rickets and osteomalacia in the twenty-first century: Revised concepts, public health, and prevention strategies. Current osteoporosis reports , 15 (4), 293-302.
Zanardi, D. M., Moura, E. C., Santos, L. P., Leal, M. C., & Cecatti, J. G. (2016). The effect of maternal near miss on adverse infant nutritional outcomes. Clinics , 71 (10), 593-599.
