A heart attack is a condition of the heart which happens when the heart weakens or dies. The heart's weakening or death occurs when the supply of blood to the heart decreases or when blood is completely shut off from entering the heart. The heart, just like any other body muscles, requires a steady supply of blood for its tissues to function properly. Blood supply to the heart takes place through the arteries. For a smooth blood flow to the heart, the arteries need to be free from plaque. Plaque is a build-up that narrows or blocks the arteries. The main cause of plaque is cholesterol. Cholesterol is a substance that is produced by the liver. It is waxy, which makes it easy for it to stick to the walls of the arteries. Cholesterol is carried through the bloodstream by low-density protein, called LDL, and high-density protein, called HDL. HDL is a good type of protein required by the body to remove cholesterol from the veins and arteries. It returns the cholesterol to the liver, where it is reprocessed and redistributed to the body. On the other hand, LDL is a bad type of protein that sticks to the arteries and veins' walls, causing their blockage. That, then, results in a heart attack or myocardial infarction or coronary thrombosis. Although high amounts of LDL in the bloodstream may be hereditary, some ways can be used to reduce it. Two main ways are exercise and having a healthy balanced diet. One can also achieve it by avoiding excessive use of alcohol and smoking. The heart needs to stay healthy for it to be able to pump blood throughout the body.
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