Psychology is increasingly becoming one of the most important fields of interest in society today. Psychodynamic theorists such as Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers are some the most prominent theorists who have highly participated in the development of various concepts in this field. They also created a foundation of psychological techniques and tools being used in psychology today. This paper provides a summary of two research articles, which analyze both Fred and Rodgers’ psychoanalytic theories; as well as how these theories have developed over time. The paper also tries to explain how these theories view human nature and life.
The article “ A Freudian Psychoanalytic Study of Causes of Usher’s Abnormal Personality in The Fall of The House of Usher ” by Meng, (2017), explains the theory of hidden personality in respect to The Fall of The House of Usher. In this article, Meng evaluates how Freud developed the theory of hidden personality. He believed that different people have a personality within them which they are not aware of. To him, he thought that this concept played a significant role in someone’s character behind the self-driven spirit.
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The article “ Depression as a Maladaptive Process: Discussion of the Condition according To the Humanistic and Existential Approach ” (Varvatsoulias, 2015) also explains the issue of personality concerning the surrounding. Varvatsoulias evaluates humanistic psychology, which explains the conditions of worth. He also discusses how Fred and Rogers viewed Nature and the World. Here Freud considers the individual conscious contents of human nature as determined by the biological, personal and psychological motivations rising from their background life and their desires for life (Varvatsoulias, 2015). On the other hand, Rogers’s interpretation of worldviews argues that the psychoanalytical view of humans is as a result of inner self-drives, which are created as a result of childhood desires and passions, though not flexible.
Both Freud and Rodgers worked in a clinical environment which motivated them to have a conventional theory. This is due to a series of clinical experiments they carried out. However, despite this theory, they both appeared to have different assumptions and diverse opinions on human personality. According to Freud, human personality was characterized by the association of the ego, identification and superego components of the mind. He argues that the unconscious mind plays a significant role in the behaviour of a person . He also contends that release of inner energy to the surrounding reduces one's tension which produces pleasure hence determining the behaviour of someone. He further claims that personality is dependent on the forces of outside awareness by devoting a lot of energy to find acceptable unconscious expressions. This involves a series of scientific research and experiments to conclude so. On the other hand, Carl Rogers argues that the personality of a person is created by self-realization. A reflection on a series of personal experiences creates a person’s identity. For him, he argues that both unconscious and conscious can be used to determine the behaviour of someone so long as they both become conscious after time.
If by any chance both Freud and Rogers were to be alive today, I believe they would both agree on Rogers’ theory. This is because according to the current society and psychologists believe, Rogers' approach is more tune because it covers the conscious and unconscious mind in the determination of personality. I also think the aspect of Freud depending on the unconscious mind would be different. Thinking of the fact that since the unconscious mind exists, why should it not be used? Or what is the function of the conscious mind, then, if the unconscious is the one determining the personality of a person? Freud’s’ theory leaves behind a lot of pending questions. Therefore in Rogers’ theory, people can be able to become conscious good rather than uncurious good as Freud argues.
On the theory of personality, a series of social and cultural factors such as being in the clinical environment influenced the development of these theories at the era which they existed. For example, in the Freudian theory, he was motivated by surrounding people who had a desire to be contented sexually. He believed this to be the unconscious urge in society that focuses on gaining pleasure. This shows that Freud probably grew in a harsh environment which does not consider pleasure as a human need. On the other hand, Rogers believed that all the people are naturally fitting or try to fit; hence the effort put in place was either conscious or unconscious, which later turned to be conscious.
Conclusion
Overly, I believe Freud’s’ and Rodgers’ theories have a significant impact on the current society. Considering the current experiences and the thoughts of people, I think that the underlying assumptions and views that we assume and see in every day’s life, both their ideas should be used to determine personality. In contemporary research of cognitive psychology, Rogers' theory should be considered more.
References
Meng, H. E. (2017). A Freudian Psychoanalytic Study of Causes of Usher’s Abnormal Personality in The Fall of The House of Usher. DEStech Transactions on Social Science, Education and Human Science , (ICESD).
Varvatsoulias, G. (2015). Depression as a maladaptive process: discussion of the condition according to the humanistic and existential approach. Education Sciences & Psychology , 34 (2).
