Digitization of the construction industry using drone technology is important because it has a substantial contribution to economic growth in developing countries. The construction industry features some challenges that need to be addressed to enhance the effectiveness of the sector. These challenges include the safety of laborers on site, communication breakdown, and rising construction costs. Using drone technology in the construction industry helped solve these challenges and facilitate effective operations. Drone technology revolutionized the construction industry and altered stakeholders' perceptions of the sector's various aspects by enhancing monitoring processes. Utilizing drone technology in the construction industry evolved operations because it enhances visibility for the clients, facilitates structure inspection, and promotes site safety to make the process more effective.
Clients are unlikely to be present on the site monitoring progress made, which hinders them from controlling the construction process. The integration of drone technology helps to enhance visibility on sites. According to Tkáč & Mésároš (2019) , "constant drone flight on the construction site can represent a quick way to map the progress of a project" based on the client's preferred intervals, which can be daily, weekly, or monthly. Client satisfaction plays a critical role in the construction industry and can only be attained when clients actively participate in completing their projects. Clients should monitor construction works in progress to avoid challenges such as disputes with engineers on-site, delays in providing information to contractors, and eliminating uncertainties in executing a provided plan (Utomo Dwi Hatmoko & Radian Khasani, 2016) . The inclusion of drone technology in the construction industry altered the clients' role from being passive fund providers to engaging them actively in the construction process. It also enhances collaboration among the internal team by ensuring that they access information on a real-time basis. The involvement of clients in the process plays a critical role in enhancing their satisfaction with the end product because they are part of the construction team.
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Drone technology plays a critical role in inspecting the structure under construction to facilitate quality assurance in the activity. Quality assurance helps to strengthen client relationships by eliminating errors that are likely to occur during construction. Examples of such errors include electrical connectivity issues, leakages, and cold spots. Additionally, contractors use drones across the entire project to ensure that they verify the infrastructure's stability and other fine details likely to influence its safety in the future. Drones further help ensure that contractors have access to topographic maps used to assess any design blunders likely to occur. Additionally, using drone technology to inspect infrastructures under construction enables stakeholders "to view these locations from a safe distance" (Mosly, 2017). Before introducing drone technology, inspectors assessing the buildings' quality assurance had to present themselves in the construction site physically. They risked their safety due to uncertainties characterized by an incomplete structure. Therefore, aerial images of the structure are critical in facilitating safety engagements among the inspectors.
Utilizing drone technology in construction sites plays a substantial role by ensuring that all involved parties are safe when executing their duties. Drones help in identifying possible risks likely to influence the laborers working on a site. Firstly, the technology helps to track building equipment, which has contributed to creating conflicts among society members. Drones eliminate chances of such conflicts rising at work because a flyover survey can help determine the misplaced item's current location. Drones also record data for the equipment, making it possible to avail of information to technicians if they lose the equipment. Drones further enhance physical surveillance in the construction site to ensure that they monitor all tools' movement to avoid theft or misuse. The drones help identify unauthorized individuals' presence within site and prevent chances of any damaging occurring. According to Gheisari & Esmaeili (2016) , the ability of drones "to provide real-time video of the job site" was the most crucial feature of the technology. Contractors and clients have a concern about the welfare of their laborers as the construction works progress. The laborers might have to climb on very high heights to take manual measurements or even move building materials to such locations. Such practices risk contractors' safety because they are likely to fall off and break some parts of their body or lead to fatality in extreme cases. Drones help to conduct tasks requiring individuals to rise into higher grounds, thus mitigating possible risks.
Drone technology enhances the construction site's visibility, encourages remote inspection, and promotes the safety of equipment and people involved in the project. Clients actively engage in construction projects by remotely monitoring progress made, making it possible to provide information on any preferred rectification even when they are physically absent. Furthermore, drones help remotely inspect the infrastructure to identify any challenges that deter the project's successful completion. Finally, drones help mitigate risks likely to influence laborers when executing their too high heights. Based on the positive impact that drone technology introduced in the construction industry, researchers should explore how technology can help further enhance the construction process.
References
Gheisari, M., & Esmaeili, B. (2016). Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for Construction Safety Applications. Construction Research Congress 2016 . https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784479827.263
Mosly, I. (2017). Applications and Issues of Unmanned Aerial Systems in the Construction Industry. International Journal of Construction Engineering and Management , 6 (6), 235–239. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijcem.20170606.02
Tkáč, M., & Mésároš, P. (2019). Utilizing drone technology in the civil engineering. Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering , 14 (1), 27–37. https://doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2019-0003
Utomo Dwi Hatmoko, J., & Radian Khasani, R. (2016). Assessing Contractor Satisfaction towards Client Performance in Construction Projects. Applied Mechanics and Materials , 845 , 338–343. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.845.338
