How to Set and Achieve Your KPIs and Developmental Goals

Theories of Individual and Family Development 

Family development theory underscores systematic and patterned changes which a family experience throughout different life stages. The primary developmental theory that I can relate to is Piaget's cognitive development theory. The theory postulates that children go through four distinct mental development stages. The theory focuses both on comprehending how kids gain knowledge and also comprehending the nature of intelligence. Piaget assumed that children actively engage in the process of learning, and act much like small scientists as they do experiments, observe, and learn from the environment about the world ( McLeod, 2018) . Through interactions with the surroundings, children constantly learn new knowledge, build on existing knowledge, and adapt to the ideas they held previously for accommodating new knowledge. I believe this is the process I went through as a child. By interacting with my parents and siblings at childhood, I acquired knowledge. For example, I learned how to put on shoes and clothes, as well as how to bathe myself. So, this theory relates so much to my development as a child, surrounded by my family.

Theories of Learning 

The ideal learning theory for me growing up was the social learning theory by Albert Bandura. According to the theory, children observe the persons around them (models) as they behave in different ways. Growing up, I was surrounded by many influential models, including my parents, my siblings, friends, children characters on television, and teachers at school. These are the models that shaped my behavior ( Bandura & Hall, 2018) . My parents were the most influential models in my life as a child. For instance, it is through my parents that I developed my sexual identity as a male. Also, my spiritual development was guided by my parents, who were very prayerful and church-going. I would observe them pray at the bedside every night before sleep and every morning after waking up.

Consequently, I imitated their behavior, and I could just kneel beside them and close my eyes without saying anything. As I grew up, my mother taught me how to pray, and I would always accompany them for prayer every morning and night. Besides, I learned to go to church through my parents, and I never miss church service, unless I am sick or I have very important commitments. Besides, I am the third born in my family, and I learned most of my behavior from my siblings. My siblings were very compassionate and caring to other children in the neighborhood, and I learned to care about others. One thing I learned from my older sister was the word "sorry." She would always say sorry to my parents, and our peers, and I never understood what it meant until later years. However, when I understood its meaning, the word "sorry" has always been part of me, and even when I have not wronged any person, I find myself saying sorry.

Theories of Normal and Abnormal Personality Development 

One of the theories is the psychoanalytic theory of personality, which covers both abnormal and normal development. The theory asserts that the inner forces influence a person's behavior, since mind comprises two parts – the conscious mind which comprises things people are aware of, and the unconscious part which consists of memories, urges, and thoughts beyond one's awareness ( Berger, 2019) . These mind spheres control human psychological development. At times, abnormal behavior can be manifested by the unconscious mind's actions. Abnormal and normal development are influenced by the unconscious or conscious parts of the mind.

Adlerian theory is another theory that defines development. The theory asserts that social elements could define a person's behavior. The social aspects are parental education, equality, birth order and lifestyle. The theory further states that feelings of ability, appreciation and encouragement promote positive and normal development, while feelings of discouragement and inability could lead to abnormal development ( Adler, 2019) . The theory has been applied in child developing. Motivating and encouraging children while they are growing fosters normal growing.

Furthermore, the theory states that human reciprocate the characteristics of the social context in which they develop. Additionally, looking to fulfill specific desires in life may influence an individual's development ( Adler, 2019) . The theory holds that human beings are perceived from a holistic viewpoint. Another personality theory is Freud's theory, which states that personality development relies on the interplay of environment and instinct in the initial five years of life. Parental determines a child's normal and abnormal development ( Fromm, 2013) . Mental health and personality problems in later life may normally be linked to the initial five years.

Based on the three theories discussed, I think that growing up, my parents played a key role in my normal development as a child. As stated by the Adlerian theory, my parents helped me imparted the feelings of capability, appreciation, and encouragement, and this promoted my positive and normal development. Besides, my normal development relates to the first five years of my life, where my parents were always there for me, encouraged me, took care of me, and provided everything I needed in my life at that level. Overall, the environment I grew up in the first five years was conducive to my normal development.

Biological, Neurological, and Physiological Factors 

Erickson viewed the world as a series of age-associated developmental crises, and he conceptualized the theories as competing and binary values. He did not see the crises as negative things. Instead, every crisis represents a chance of moving forward. From a broad viewpoint, Erickson related some personality traits to successful passage through various crises. He named these traits values ( Cherry, 2018) . A child who can trust develops hope, the youth who can be intimate develops the ability to love. In my case, the way Erickson's theory relates to me is that I can be caring and loving because I experienced love and care at the young age of two and four years. As a young adult, my feeling of love automatically relates to the age of two or three years, where I first experienced love with my parents and siblings. As a loving person, I will act like a child who was loved, even at an adult age.

Systemic and Environmental Factors 

The ecological systems theory posits that various forms of environmental systems influence human development. Created by renowned psychologist Urie Bronfenbrenner, the theory helps in the understanding of people may behave differently when they compare their behavior with their families and at when work or school ( Tudge & Rosa, 2019). The theory assumes that people come across different environments during their lifespan, which can influence their behavior at different degrees. The systems comprise the microsystem, the exosystem, the mesosystem, the macrosystem, and the chronosystem.

The microsystem environment is the direct environment around a person, including one's family, friends, schoolmates, tutors, neighbors, and other persons they directly interact with. The microsystem is the setting where individuals have direct social interactions with such social agents ( Tudge & Rosa, 2019) . My family, friends, classmates, teachers, and neighbors were fundamental in my development as a child. I grew up in a gated community, and all these people who were around me were pivotal in instilling discipline and good morals in me. If I had grown up surrounded by irresponsible people, I would have been an irresponsible and ill-mannered person today.

The mesosystem entails the relations between the microsystems in a person's life. This suggests that one's family experience can be linked to their school experience ( Tudge & Rosa, 2019) . For instance, I grew up in a very supportive family, and this helped me develop a positive attitude towards my teachers. The teachers loved and supported me, as well. Conversely, I had a friend whose parents were negligent, and thus he had a poor attitude towards the teachers, and he was even withdrawn from other classmates.

The exosystem is the environment that links active roles and active participation. The exosystem setting affected me in one way ( Tudge & Rosa, 2019) . As a child, I was more attached to my older sister than a brother because my sister was very nice to me. However, after she went to college, and she was no longer living with us, there was a lot of conflict between me and my brother's social relationship. However, this event helped my brother and me in creating a tighter bond and becoming good friends.

The macrosystem environment is the real culture of a person. The cultural context entails the socioeconomic condition of an individual or his family, his ethnicity, and living conditions ( Tudge & Rosa, 2019) . Overall, I grew up in a stable, middle-class family, and I could see the struggles and the hard work both my parents put into ensuring we never lacked anything. Consequently, growing in such an environment encouraged me to work harder each day, especially at school, just as my parents were. Even today, I work harder in my work, just to ensure that my family will never lack anything.

The chronosystem comprises the shifts and transitions in the life of a person. This can as well involve the sociocultural contexts that might influence an individual ( Tudge & Rosa, 2019) . For example, during the first year after the accident of my uncle, my behavior was negatively affected, and I lost moods, and I even feared driving in my father's care. However, I later learned to live with it.

Consideration of Impact of Trauma, Disaster, Crisis, and Addiction 

Generally, growing up, I experienced a crisis at the age of seven after my mother lost her job. Both my parents were working, and they supported the family equally. But after my mother lost her job as a nurse, the family went into crisis. My father could not manage to take care of the family alone and well, as they used to when my mother was working. The family was even forced to move to another smaller house because we could not afford the one we were living in. Nonetheless, the disaster was sonly short-lived, and my mother soon got a better and well-paying job. Our family life became even much better, and we moved to our own house.

Also, I experienced a traumatic event. At the age of ten, my uncle was involved in a near-death car accident. When we visited him with my father at the intensive care unit, the sight of seeing his broken limps, fractured skull and dislocated joints left me traumatized for a few years, when I remember what I saw in that room. Sometimes, a few years after the accident, I would find myself distressed when I remember how he used to take me to one of my favorite ice cream vendors as a child, but after the accident, he could no longer take me there, as he was confined in a wheelchair. However, a couple of years later, that occasion does not affect me anymore.

Wellness Plan 

My wellness plan involves the following activities and goals:

Physical Wellness

Maintain a healthy weight.

See my physician regularly and address any health concerns I might have.

Nutritional Wellness

Increase the amount of vegetables I eat and drink a lot of water.

Eat whole foods instead of prepackaged foods.

Mental Wellness

Create time for relaxation and reflection every day.

Practice mediation for managing anxiety and stress.

Financial Wellness

Create a realistic budget which allows me to live within my means

References

Adler, A. (2019). Adlerian Theory.  Contemporary Case Studies in School Counseling , 45. 

Bandura, A., & Hall, P. (2018). Albert bandura and social learning theory.  Learning Theories For Early Years Practice ,  63 . 

Berger, L. S. (2019).  Psychoanalytic theory and clinical relevance: What makes a theory consequential for practice? . Routledge. 

Cherry, K. (2018). Erik erikson's stages of psychosocial development.  Retrieved Juny ,  5 , 2018. 

Fromm, E. (2013).  Sigmund Freud's mission: An analysis of his personality and influence . Open Road Media. 

McLeod, S. (2018). Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development.  Simply Psychology . 

Tudge, J., & Rosa, E. M. (2019). Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory.  The Encyclopedia of Child and Adolescent Development , 1-11.