Every individual has needs. While they may differ from one person to another and from place to place, the aspect of want is universal across the human race. It is this realization that led to Abraham Maslow’s theory which is premised on the fact that it is possible to order human needs and that people achieve them sequentially.
The first level of needs according to Maslow is the physical wants which each and every person needs to survive. They are the items that support life and one cannot live without them. They include food, air, shelter, and water. Once an individual attains the first level, they then proceed to the second phase which contains safety needs. At this level, one strives to attain security and personal protection as well as freedom from fear.
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Ultimately, man is a communal being who strives to belong, and that forms the basis for the third level of needs in Maslow’s pyramid. Communal needs include love, affection, and belongingness. A person who lacks these needs may suffer from loneliness even get a feeling of being unwanted.
The fourth level on Maslow’s hierarchy is the esteem needs. They come from the fact that each and every person loves to feel accomplished and as having a status in the society. Therefore, esteem needs include strength and status. After achieving recognition and status among peers and in the society, one can then focus on achieving their full potential. Therefore, the ultimate level in Maslow’s hierarchy is self- actualization. It is at this point where the individual is seen as having achieved everything that is humanly possible for them and the goal which each individual aims to attain.
