Main Idea
The main idea in the text provided about the development of Newton's second law is that an object accelerates when a force acts upon it. Newton's second law explains the relationship that exists between force and acceleration. When force is exerted on an object, it accelerates, changing its velocity.
Summary
In the text, the development of Newton's second law is described by the use of examples. For the law to be experienced, friction has to be at its minimum, and other external forces must be balanced. The forces that are required are only those that affect acceleration. When a hockey puck is pulled, there is a constant acceleration in the direction of the force. The more the amount of force used, the more the acceleration experienced by an object in the direction of that force. The example of hockey and springs confirms that the force used determines the resulting acceleration. That shows that there is a positive relationship between force and acceleration. Moreover, in this case, the acceleration takes place in the direction of the force.
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Extrapolation
According to the text provided, a bicycle moves when it is pedaled. In this case, the bicycle is the object, and the leg muscles provide the force required to move the bicycle by pedaling. The text suggests that when more force is exerted on the bicycle, it moves faster. The force used is directly proportional to the acceleration gained. If the force remains constant, the acceleration, too, remains constant. In conclusion, a bicycle can not move without the application of force. Hence, force results in acceleration of the bicycle towards the direction of the force.
New Words
Accelerate : increase in rate.
Velocity : the speed of a moving object towards a given direction
Exert : apply
