Nonexperimental Design: Types, Advantages, and Disadvantages

From the assigned reading, it is evident that violence is not only about physical entanglement as most people think, but it involves much more. Stone (2016) has a much-refined definition of the word violence. In this version of the violence definition, it covers not only the physical aspects of violence, but it also looks into other forms of violence such as manipulations, jokes and other forms of violence which are perceived to be less harmful. In this sense, the authors try to rubbish the idea that violence only involved physical force (with or without a weapon) against self or other, compelling action against one's will on pain of being hurt or killed or harming or killing ( Bushman & Anderson, 2015). I also held the same perception of violence and linked it with grueling physical actions. However, I had to change my view after watching the movies and going through the reading. While watching the film and going through the assigned reading, learned that violence can either be intentional or accidental and that catastrophes are considered to be violence as well ( Megoran, 2016). Therefore there is no doubt that acts of violence are more prevalent more than people think. 

The three programs I watch were Adventureland, All Eyes on Finding Nemo and Me. These three programs were enough to realize the meaning of violence and how it manifests in different movies. From the programs, it was also evident that violence was one of the most common scenes in most movies. In all the three programs, the Act of violence was apparent. However, the intensity of violence varied with cartoon having the least scenes where individuals witnessed any form of violence. The first program was Adventureland. It was a situational comic film, which was a long movie that took a total of 107 minutes. In the movie, the acts where violence was apparent were many. Approximately, there was a violent scene after every 0.8 minutes of the film. In this movie, the symbolic joking as a form of violence was the highest recording up to 37 scenes. The violence to the body, physical threats, and verbal threats were also numerous. From the Likert scale, I can rate the violent scenes in this program as extreme violent; no form of violence was within this program that scored below average. All scenes forms of violence in the movies can be considered extreme. 

The next program was moderate with regards to different forms of violence. It was the Finding Nemo, an American computer-animated adventure film produced by Pixar Animation. Though this film also had a lot of scenes where violence was apparent, it was many moderates with regards to the violence as compared to the first program I watched. However, the two programs are similar in that it also had different forms of violence such as the use of a weapon, the violence to the body, the physical threats violent as well as the symbolic violent. In these programs too, the symbolic joking violence was the highest hitting g a total of 29 scenes, which accompanied a threat to the body than the verbal threats. Averagely, there was a violent scene in this film after every 0.4 minutes. The movie runs for a total of 101 minutes, and it is an implication that the rate of violence is moderate in the film. Using the Likert fie scale, I can rate this movie as moderate with regards to the total number of the violent scenes because though the scenes were not too much, they were many enough to warrant an average rating. 

The last program is the All Eyes on Me which is an American biographic Drama on American Rapper Tupac Shakur, directed by Benny Boom and written by Jeremy Haf. The program is one of the most violin programs I watch during the research. It scored the highest in my list with its violent scenes hitting a total of 95 scenes within 240 minutes. However, considering the length of the programs, I would classify it under the Likert scale as moderately violent programs because my rating reveals that the violent scenes in this programs only takes 0.6 minutes by they reveal, which is 0.2 minutes fewer than the first program. Like all other programs, these programs also had different forms of violence with 34 scenes. In total, the program had a total of the 95 scenes violent featuring with violent threats hitting the highest number at All these results are within the table below. 

References  

Bushman, B. J., & Anderson, C. A. (2015).Understanding causality in the effects of media violence. American Behavioral Scientist , 59 (14), 1807-1821. 

Megoran, N. (2016). Violence and peace. Companion to Critical Geopolitics , 189-207. 

Stone, B., (2016). Religion and violence in the favourite film. Journal of Religion & Film , 3 (1), 5.