There are several conditions that clinicians often diagnose, even when circumstances do not directly reflect. There are three of these that have been discussed. Schizophrenia is one such condition. It was widespread with the North-American clinicians in the past, but the diagnosis is often misused to this day. It was diagnosed on a woman who had hallucinations without delusions whose condition was very different. Dissociative identity disorder is another one. This is the tendency of clinicians to be overly influenced by their particular interests more than anyone else's. They are likely to misdiagnose patients to reflect their areas of specialty.
A case in point is the medic who had published many articles about multiple personality disorders that included another patient who was deemed not having that condition. A borderline personality disorder is the last such condition more likely to be diagnosed by clinicians. Though this condition exists, it is not as widespread at the rate it is usually diagnosed. Clinicians sometimes even apply the condition to people they do not associate well with.
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To avoid the cases of over-diagnosis, clinicians should be made aware of this risk so that they become careful in the course of doing their work. They must also always give the basis of their diagnosis so that they do not over-diagnose some conditions.
False positives are those diagnoses that turn out to be inaccurate. They should be avoided by all means because of stigma issues, including loss of self-esteem. It makes one lose sight of the right diagnosis and can even lead to the commencement of treatment that is unnecessary.
The recommendation against false diagnosis is that there must be evidence to support every diagnosis, and there is always a need for careful follow-up after the diagnosis.
Reference
Morrison, J. R. (2017). Diagnosis made easier: principles and techniques for mental health clinicians . The Guilford Press.
This is a chapter excerpt from Guilford Publications. By ... https://www.guilford.com/excerpts/morrison6_ch1.pdf.
