One of the risk factors associated with PTSD is the history of abuse. Individuals with a history of sexual, emotional, or physical abuse tend to be more vulnerable to PTSD. Secondly, family history is a risk factor that could lead to the development of PTSD since the disorder could be passed to other members (Sautter et al., 2002). Third, lack of social support could lead to one developing PSTD. A social environment that establishes self-hatred, stigma, guilt, or shame also raises the risk. Ongoing stress could lead to extensive psychological and physical problems, which could decrease the ability to combat trauma, risking PTSD.
What qualifies as traumatic include childhood physical abuse, childhood neglect, and sexual trauma on women. Traumatic encounters on men include physical violence directed or witnessed by them, life-threatening accident, and natural disaster. Adolescent boys experience traumatic events such as witnessing death, physical assault, or encountering accidents. Traumatic events on adolescent girls include the unexpected demise of a loved one, intimate partner violence, and encountering sexual/rape assault. Other qualifications for trauma include bullying, burglary, mugging, and shooting.
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On different experiences, people do not similarly experience trauma. What is traumatic for a person could be insignificant for the other. Some people who encounter trauma have no coherent memories concerning the trauma as memories could be poorly encoded and thus lacking, disorganized, and fragmented in detail, while others could have these memories. Differences in the conditioned responses could assist in explaining differences in the maintenance and development of PTSD. Notably, PTSD occurs to any other person and not combat veterans alone. PTSD can be encountered by people of any age, culture, nationality, or ethnicity.
Reference
Sautter, F. J., Cornwell, J., Johnson, J. J., Wiley, J., & Faraone, S. V. (2002). Family history study of posttraumatic stress disorder with secondary psychotic symptoms. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(10), 1775-1777.
