Vocabulary development is critical towards establishing excellent skills in reading and writing. For the best reading instruction, a student needs to have skills in five central areas; comprehension, vocabulary, fluency, and phonemic awareness. According to Yule (2017), phonology is the description of patterns of speech. It is mainly concerned with the mental aspect of sounds. Helping a student with a phonology problem requires the identification of sound comprehension, metacognition, and word study. The student should be made aware of the building blocks of vocabulary and grasping language fluency. For instance, Yule (2017) emphasizes that it is critical to help the student distinguish between words such as “bar,” ”far,” “car,” and “tar.” The student should also be assisted in identifying different sets of meanings while producing the sounds said or heard.
In words that seem to contain multiple similar word-like features, the student should be helped to differentiate what is assumed as the correct word and the actual word. Yule (2017) gives the example of the Swahili word “nitakupenda” that can be translated into English as “I will love you (Yule, 2017).” Yule emphasizes that in differentiating words with similar features, it is critical to apply the elements in the spoken word or heard instead of marking out only the words. For the grammar syntax problems, the student should follow all correct sentences and phrases. Following on set rules is critical to avoid structural ambiguity that may give rise to different interpretations.
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One of the most important rules is the recursive rule. For example, to generate a sentence that aligns with a prepositional phrase such as “The gun was on the table,” it is essential to develop a preposition phrase many times while at the same time be able to establish sentences within other sentences (Yule, 2017). For example, the student can be helped to generate, “The gun was on the table near the window in the bedroom (Yule 2017).” Such can help the student apply the rule of grammar in various sentence constructions written or spoken. For communicative expertise, the student should be encouraged to engage more with others, use more of spoken words, and use all styles of communication while sticking to grammar rules.
Reference
Yule, G. (2017). The study of language . Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.