“Sport participation and its association with social and psychological factors known to predict substance use and abuse among youth: A scoping review of the literature” by Clark, Camire, Wade and Cairney, is a journal article from a sports psychology article “International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. The article provides the outcome of a review of the sports on psychological and social outcomes relevant to alcohol and illicit drug abuse by the youth. The previous reviews show that sport relates so much to increased use of alcohol and reduced use of illicit drug among the youth. The reviews however, provides little explanation and information on the factors that can explain this relationship. Psychological and social outcomes of sport participation were used as factors to determine and explain the relationship. Psychological and social factors were used because they play an important role in explaining and understanding alcohol use and drug abuse among the youth.
Articles identified and included in the review were fifty nine. They included seven review papers (five narrative literature reviews, one systematic analysis, and one meta-analysis), five position/opinion papers, and 47 primary studies. Positive outcomes of psychological and social factors in connection with sports were accrued. They include higher self-esteem, self-regulation, general life skills, and pro-social behavior among the youth. Besides, mental health was positively achieved and it includes a decrease in suicidal thoughts and depression. Negative outcomes included injury risks and anxiety. Peer pressure related to alcohol use and the selling of alcohol in sports events were identified as several reasons why many youth athletes engage in heavy alcohol drinking than illicit drug use. The article also provides suggestions, and a number of directions for future research on how sports affect youth development, and its psychological and social outcomes in connection to alcohol use and drug abuse.
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Reference
Clark, J. H. Camire, M. Wade, J. T & Cairney, J. (2015, November 20). Sport participation and its association with social and psychological factors known to predict substance use and abuse among youth: A scoping review of the literature. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology . https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1750984X.2015.1068829?src =
