Question One
Renewable and non-renewable resources impact the environment, for they produce energy. These resources are also part of peoples' daily activities; they are used in cooking, and running machines in industries (KQED, 2014). Non-renewable sources include coal and natural gas. Renewable resources include biomass and wind. Renewable resources such as natural gas can be replenished after using it many times; however, non-renewable resources are exhausted after they have been used once; these resources were created in the earth’s crust. Also, renewable sources of energy do not damage the environment; however, they can be harmful when they are misused. Non-renewable sources, on the other hand, are not eco – friendly. When petrol or coal is burned, it produces carbon dioxide, which pollutes the environment.
Question Two
Three examples of environmental problems include water, soil, and air pollution. Water pollution is caused by runoff from urban centers, agricultural fields, and industrial sites (Sciencing, 2017). These runoffs carry toxins with them, thus disrupting the natural balance of a water body. Fertilizers from agricultural fields can cause excessive growth of algae; this causes choking of other plants and reduces the amount of oxygen required by plants and animals for survival. Soil pollution occurs when harmful materials are disposed of on soil; the toxic substances destroy soil fertility, making it difficult for plants to grow naturally. Common soil pollutants include asbestos and lead. The burning of fossil fuels causes air pollution; this type of power is burned in vehicles and emitted from factories. The burning of fossil fuels can cause smog in cities and industrial areas. These environmental problems are interrelated, for they cause harm to people and land. Water pollution can be prevented if individuals dispose of pesticides, oils, and non-biodegradable items properly. Since most of the air pollution comes from cars, people should use other means of transport to move around, for example, cycling and using public transport. Also, farmers should minimize the use of herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers, for they may contain heavy elements.
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Question Three
The basic building blocks of matter are referred to as atoms. On some occasions, more than two atoms combined to form a molecule. A molecule is the smallest section of a substance that has the same properties as the main one (TeachEngineering.org, 2020). For instance, a water molecule is composed of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen molecules. There are instances where a molecule is composed of two similar atoms; this can be depicted in the helium gas molecule. The molecules and matter create the world; this happens through the bonding of different atoms that have distinct properties. The knowledge of atoms has led to the creation of items such as non-stick pans, helmet, the harnessing of electricity. Atomic knowledge has also led to the creation of lasers that are used in the medical field.
Question 4
An earthquake takes place when blocks of the earth slip past one another unexpectedly. The area where the two blocks slip is unknown as the fault plane (Metcalfe, 2018). The position of the earth where the earthquake starts is known as the hypocenter, and the area above the hypocenter is called the epicenter. A tsunami refers to a series of waves of water resulting from the displacement of large volumes of water in the ocean. A tsunami is caused by an earthquake taking place in a water body. Kilauea is known as a basaltic shield volcano which, when it erupts it produces tholeiite. The volcanoes that occur on the Andes Mountains are known as Stratovolcanoes.
References
KQED. (2014). Nonrenewable and Renewable Energy Resources | KQED . KQED. Retrieved 24 May 2020, from https://www.kqed.org/quest/64341/nonrenewable-and-renewable-energy-resources-2.
Metcalfe, T. (2018). What is a tsunami? . NBC News. Retrieved 24 May 2020, from https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/what-tsunami-ncna943571.
Sciencing. (2017). Types of Pollutants . Sciencing. Retrieved 24 May 2020, from https://sciencing.com/types-pollutants-5270696.html.
TeachEngineering.org. (2020). The Building Blocks of Matter - Lesson . TeachEngineering.org. Retrieved 24 May 2020, from https://www.teachengineering.org/lessons/view/cub_mix_lesson1.
