As Jerry goes through his life span growth, various physical and social transformations that occur in his body. He will have to experience age-related alterations based on various aspects; biological features like cellular and molecular changes commonly known as primary aging whereas aging resulting from manageable factors like poor diet, unhealthy lifestyles such as alcoholism or smoking and lack of physical exercise is referred to us secondary aging.
According to Jerry, it is definitely that he will have to pass through all these stages of life unless an accident occurs it the only way he may end his life before completing his stages. Since birth Jerry has passed through a lot be it physical or social (Feldman, 2011). First of all, he is born prematurely due to his mother extreme stress related to her job that she abused painkillers. This was the ultimate start of life for Jerry as an infant until death.
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Jerry was brought up by a permissive parent who readily tolerated his behavior. His mother as accepting whatever her child perceives, this environment could not enable him to grow up well as his mother was unable to guide him accordingly (Feldman, 2014). Early parental life seems to be totally messed up because as a young one his mother could have instilled in him morals of life. This could not happen because his mother was undergoing social vices such as alcoholism and drug abuse not having time for her child. At the age of seven years, his mother breaks up with Jerry's father forcing his grandmother to be the primary caregiver. During the time Jerry is under the care of grandmother he can receive a positive force in his life (Hines, 2010). He misses the love from both parents even though he often visit his father each Sunday who has already remarried having three other children. But Jerry finds comfort in his grandmother who is to nurture him. A combination of family and friendships are strengthening the system for many people and an important element in their lives since young adults to old aged individuals. Family relationships are most of enduring bonds established in one’s lifetime (Johnson, 2014). For Jerry's case, one can understand that his parental relation between his father and mother was not welcoming to mold him into a very upright child. At a tender age, he is faced with his parent divorce and alcoholism nature of his mother.
A friendship play vital role in one life through the supportive system to different people and is an essential aspect of life from tender age to old age (McAdams & Cox, 2010). Social companionships are of significant to behavioral adjustment, cognitive functions, and emotional fulfillment. In the case of Jerry, he is believed to be an introvert having fewer friends this pose to affect his life development both physically and socially. This may be attributed to kind of way he has been raised and his personality (Moerchen, 2016. It has impacted significantly on Jerry's kind of life in school. He cannot adapt adequately to academic thus, makes him struggle all the way from middle class to high school where he manages to graduate. Had he been having a better social relationship with his peers than his problems of reading, writing and meeting deadlines in school could enhance (Shing & Lindenberger, 2011). But due to his introvert nature of life, his is forced into marijuana to attain for his desires. He smokes one joint per day citing that it relieves him from stress not knowing that wasting himself. Had he gotten into good company of peers, there could be two or three things to learn from a part from drug abuse. This could also be initiated partly through parenting.
In his early adulthood, he now sees a sense of cognition whereby he enrolls himself in a local college. Although he still does not understand his goal in life and sounds to fumble with life compared to his fellow peers. At his age, he should know precisely what he want to attain in his career and his position in the society. As Jerry attains thirty years his grandmother dies and this turn around his life. He has to decide now on how he is going to live his life in the remaining years until death. He is forced to take stern action upon his life since where he depended own is no more. He has to look for a job, establish a family as well as take care of his mother who is in recovery from drugs.
|
Age Range |
Sensory System |
Reproductive System |
Cardiovascular System |
Nervous System |
Appearance |
Mobility |
| 20-25 |
Love of opposite sex attraction emerges. |
Full development of the reproductive system and desire for partner occurs. | The increase and full functional of cardiac output are witnessed. | One can sleep over 11 hours at night without any issues. | Skeletal systems proceed in growing where the muscular effectiveness is seen as being at peak. | Fast in moving around and performing tasks. |
| 26-35 | The loss of hearing begins mainly in areas where high tones are applied | Childbirth occurs. | The cardiac system is active | One can remember and be attentive for every detail presented. | There is decrease of G1 system secretions | Start the responsibility from being single to acquiring family. |
| 36-45 | The changes of visual occurs in both convergence and accommodation associated with loss of hearing | Reproductive parts become active and operational related to mood swings. | The cardiac output begins to diminish. | Productivity at work increases. | There is moisture loss by the skin as it ages | Body image adjustment for the changes occurs. |
| 46-55 | Slowing the reflexes emerge. The visual changes mainly farsightedness starts arising. | Menopause starts for women at this age. | There is the decrease in cardiac output | Memory slowing decreases for mental functioning. | Bone mass starts to reduce. Skeletal height is lost with calcium after menopause period. | Becomes self- absorbed or future oriented. Starts to encounter the syndrome of the empty nest that might be expressed in a positive or negative manner. |
| 56-65 | Taste buds decrease. Smell diminishes with brain parts associated with degeneration of smell. | Menopause and reduced desire for the sexual function are experienced. | Cholesterol level rises. Decreased elasticity vessel is encountered. | Loss of memory and coordination emerges. There is a decrease in neutron transmitters. | Muscle mass and strength reduces if not applied. Skin elasticity loss occurs dry skin and appearance of wrinkles. There is a decrease in metabolic rate, renal functioning, cold/heat tolerance, and infection prone. | New information synthesis decreases. |
| 66-75 | Pain response diminishes thus one cannot feel the pain. | Reproductive organs atrophy. | There is thickening of vessel walls. | Sleep issues arise where one cannot sleep for a extended period. | Loss of teeth reduced response to sensory stimuli and stress | The strength to move around decreases. |
| 76-85 | There is a decrease in visual acuity and increase in reaction times. | Intervertebral disc shrinks. | The increased resistance of peripheral vascular and the blood flow reduction to the organs is experienced. | Memory loss increases thus lacking coordination in interaction either verbally or nonverbally. | Hair thinning is experienced and fat layers loss on face and limbs. | The diminishing of sensing movement ability occurs. |
| 86-Death | The hearing decreases accompanied with loss of sight in most instances. | Prosthetic hypertrophy in the male is experienced. | The heart begins showing ailments. The blood volume functioning reduces and red cells of blood decreases. | Sleeping problems increase with a sense of loneliness due to lack of their companions. | Skin pigmentation changes appear. | Housing issue arises and stress due to financing problem as they cannot move around and work. |
References
Feldman, R. S. (2011). Lifespan development: A topical approach . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall/Pearson.
Feldman, R. S. (2014). Development across the lifespan (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.
Hines, M. (2010). Gendered Behavior across the Life Span. The Handbook of Life-Span Development . doi:10.1002/9780470880166.hlsd002010
Johnson, M. J. (2014). Girls In-Between: Social, Emotional, Physical, and Sexual Development in Context. Women's Reproductive Mental Health Across the Lifespan , 27-48. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-05116-1_2
McAdams, D. P., & Cox, K. S. (2010). Self and Identity Across the Life Span. The Handbook of Life-Span Development . doi:10.1002/9780470880166.hlsd002006
Moerchen, V. A. (2016). Human Development & Performance throughout the Lifespan. Pediatric Physical Therapy , 18 (2), 174-175. doi:10.1097/01.pep.0000223052.50401.c3
Ricco, R. B. (2010). Development of Deductive Reasoning across the Life Span. The Handbook of Life-Span Development . doi:10.1002/9780470880166.hlsd001012
Shing, Y. L., & Lindenberger, U. (2011). The Development of Episodic Memory: Lifespan Lessons. Child Development Perspectives , 5 (2), 148-155. doi:10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00170.x
