Jack Martin starts his article by answering a question that I have always asked myself. What really is the difference between humans and other creatures? They have evolved in a unique self-determining way. They are constituted within their world through their activities to continuously transform. Martin flatly rejects psychologism. An opinion we share. Psychology may not be the only basis of all other forms of human inquiry. Psychologism is also defined as having the main causes of human personhood and experience in the individual’s interior. This ignores the social, political, historical and cultural aspects that may influence personhood and experiences.
I find the author’s articulation of his thoughts clear and blunt. He does not sugarcoat his disapprovals. He out-rightly dismisses them but provides reasons. He is also detailed and precise at the same time. In rejecting psychologism, Martin uses two terms, embeddedness and embodiment. Embeddedness is that which has to do with historical and social-cultural components and embodiments are the biophysical reality (Martin, 2016. I agree with his view when he disagrees with psychologism. Proponents of psychologism ignore embeddedness or the historical and social-cultural components that also guide personhood and experiences.
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I have always been fascinated by the dialogue surrounding freedom and control. These two aspects have a profound impact on the lives of humans on all levels. The story of Skinner and Rogers presents an interesting scenario about personal and societal freedom and control. But the author refers to them to remind people to take cognizance of the sociocultural reality. Social psychological reality should be taken seriously. Rogers’ experience in Peking changed his life. This is an exterior factor. Psychologism and individualism have led to the neglect of the sociocultural reality or embeddedness factors. This, according to the author, should change.
Reference
Martin, J. (2016). Studying persons in context: Taking social psychological reality seriously. Elsevier .
