Many people experience one or more traumatic events in their lifetime but the risk associated with the trauma exposure usually varies depending on the upbringing of a person, the kind of job they do and also where they live. Despite the nature of the incident with the trauma that one is exposed to, a number of people experience some symptoms of distress even if it is short term. Trauma can lead to physical injuries and even death Different kinds of treatment exist to handle traumatic patients which include therapies, medicines among others. The aim of this paper is to identify the latest developments in the treatment of trauma.
For trauma patients, formal treatment may not be necessary in most of the cases but instead provision of social support, as well as the reduction in stressors exposure temporarily, can aid in the recovery of the people in many cases. However, for the minority who experience impairing and intense symptoms which are commonly known as acute stress disorders after the traumatic event, early intervention can help in treating trauma.
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The techniques which have been recently known and identified with evidence to be effective to handle trauma is the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) techniques. For those people who seek help after traumatic experiences two forms of psychological therapies which are time-limited have been proven to be effective treatments. The first one is the CBT that is trauma-focused which usually include the cognitive processing therapy (CPT), cognitive therapy (CT), prolonged exposure (PE), and the cognitive restructuring (CR) ( Greenberg, Brooks, & Dunn, 2015) .
Cognitive therapy helps a person to recognize the cognitive patterns that keep them stuck and it is most of the time recommended to be used together with the exposure therapy while the exposure therapies are helpful for the nightmares and flashbacks helping a person to face memories and situations which frighten them.
CPT that is group based has been seen to be effective after being tested on the military veterans for treating trauma. A study conducted in 2014 involving couples, each having a veteran who had been deployed to missions of the war, indicated that structured approach therapy (SAT) is an effective treatment that is couple-based for trauma ( Greenberg, Brooks, & Dunn, 2015) . Upon completion of treatment, the veterans said to have reduced trauma both clinical and self-related. Even if the SAT was conducted in a small group of people it was proven effective and the research on it is still ongoing.
Latest developments regarding the treatment of trauma have also indicated that the drug Placebo is more effective in treating trauma as compared to the drug prazosin. Placebo helps to reduce nightmares for those people with trauma. Latest developments have also involved the use of clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) to treat trauma ( Church et.al, 2018) . Despite the method being old, the advancement in technology has enabled it to be termed among the best potential method today. EFT combines the exposure and cognitive therapies to treat trauma.
Over the recent years, evidence has indicated that EFT is very effective combined with other psychotherapies and they have been used widely especially as demonstrated by literature reviews through from 2012 ( Church et.al, 2018) . It has been tested in different populations from war veterans, spouses of people with trauma disorders, sexual violence victims among others in recent years and it has been proven to be a safe therapy generally. In general, all the treatment methods including those traditional ones are being advanced to be effective for the trauma patients
References
Church, D., Stapleton, P., Mollon, P., Feinstein, D., Boath, E., Mackay, D., & Sims, R. (2018, December). Guidelines for the Treatment of PTSD Using Clinical EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques). In Healthcare (Vol. 6, No. 4, p. 146). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
Greenberg, N., Brooks, S., & Dunn, R. (2015). Latest developments in post-traumatic stress disorder: diagnosis and treatment. British Medical Bulletin , 114 (1), 147-155.
