Part One
What are the hypotheses for study one?
The null hypothesis of the study is that the performance of the participants would be impaired when they were provided with questionnaires with instructions written in red ink, as opposed to instructions that were written in green or black ink. The alternative hypothesis is that the color of ink used in the instructions would not affect the performance of the participants.
What is the independent variable(s) for study one?
The independent variable for the study is whether color manipulation in the questionnaire could influence the participants in terms of correctly filling the anagram task.
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What are the dependent variable(s) for study one?
One of the dependent variable is the number of anagrams that the participants could solve correctly. The other dependent variable that the study was interested in was whether the participants believed that the ink color used in the questionnaire could affect the number of anagrams that they would solve correctly.
What did they find in study one?
The finding supports the idea that the participants given the red questionnaire solved fewer anagrams, compared to those provided with questionnaires with instructions written in green or black. Conversely, the study supported the notion that the ink color did not affect the performance of the participants in terms of the correct completion of the anagram task.
What is the hypothesis for study two?
The null hypothesis of the study is that the participants given the red ink to compete the anagram task would perform dismally compared to those given the black and green ink. The alternative hypothesis is that the participants forewarned about the ink color they would use performed better than those that were not given a warning on the same.
What is the independent variable(s) for study two?
The independent variable relates to the perception of the participants in relation to how they perform anagram task, regardless of the type of ink they will be using. The other independent variable relates to the complexity or frustration they will experience during the completion of the task.
What is the dependent variable(s) for study two?
The dependent variable is the type of color that is likely to determine the performance of the participants. In this case, their experience with completing the task will depend on whether they will be using the red, black or green ink. The other dependent variable relates to the extent with which warning the participants of the type of color they will use to complete the task would influence their precision.
What did they find in study two?
The study found that the participants provided with the red ink to perform the anagram task solved fewer anagrams than those using the green and black ink. In this case, the study confirmed that forewarning did not affect the performance of any of the participants, meaning that the initial conditioning was not influential.
References
Elliot, A. J., Maier, M. A., Moller, A. C., Friedman, R., & Meinhardt, J. (2007). Color and psychological functioning: The effect of red on performance attainment . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 136 (1), 154-168. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.136.1.154
Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1977). Forewarning, Cognitive Responding, and Resistance to Persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35 (9), 645-655 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.35.9.645
