Bozzola, E., Spina, G., Russo, R., Bozzola, M., Corsello, G., & Villani, A. (2018). Mandatory vaccinations in European countries, undocumented information, false news and the impact on vaccination uptake: the position of the Italian pediatric society. Italian journal of pediatrics , 44 (1), 67.
Summary
The purpose of the research was to evaluate vaccination policies presented by different European Countries pertinent to children below 18 months, with tetanus, hepatitis B, Pertussis, diphtheria, mumps, rubella, among other diseases, being the primary concerns. The research found that more than 35% of the European Countries mandate for compulsory vaccination for the children below 18 months on the named healthcare conditions, thus concluding that the government is concerned with the health of the community, hence enforcing laws to protect them from future infections.
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Evaluation
Obtained from the Biomedical Central Database, the article comes from a credible site utilized for medical practices. The scholars have known experience in serving under Children’s hospitals, pediatric disease centers, mother and children departments and the department of internal medicine and therapeutics, among other facilities. The editorial process commenced in 25 th March 2018, with the publishing done on 14 th June 2018. The authors utilize a number of different external sources in their research coupled with in-text citations for any borrowed information. These sources are inclusive of articles, research conducted by different facilities, systematic reviews and information from disease centers such as CDC.
Function
While the source appeals for mandatory vaccination for children below 18 years, the information differs from the one below such that the latter focuses on identifying the perspectives of practitioners in vaccination and barriers they exhibit. The information from the research is integral in showing the need for vaccination against most of the diseases that have long-term effects on the health of individuals. Statistical information will be helpful as an indication of the extent to which these conditions can affect the children, whereas results obtained by the study will be relevant in supporting the thesis on the aspect of having the vaccination as an obligatory practice in all states.
Oku, A., Oyo-Ita, A., Glenton, C., Fretheim, A., Ames, H., Muloliwa, A., & Owoaje, E. (2017). Perceptions and experiences of childhood vaccination communication strategies among caregivers and health workers in Nigeria: a qualitative study. PloS one , 12 (11), e0186733.
Summary
The study was conducted to understand the perception and experiences that health workers and caregivers mandated with the task of dealing with children have on the concept of vaccination and how the same should be communicated and implemented within Nigeria. The research identified that caregivers have vital information pertaining to the vaccination and is obtained from media outlets, health facilities and announcements; out of which the practitioners claim the barriers affecting proper vaccination are inclusive of long waiting times, health practitioner attitudes, poor motivation and resistance of vaccination by people.
Evaluation
The literary source is obtained from the United States National Library of Medicine (PMC), which is a renowned resource center for medically related information. The authors involved in the construction of the resource have verifiable academic qualifications in medicine and affiliated courses, with experience in pediatrics and child care. In the research, the scholars ensure to integrate the use of external sources to support their major claims and explore from the same to ensure their information is robust and detailed. Some of the used references in the article are from the World Health Organization, UNICEF, journals of pediatrics, epidemiology and child care, among others.
Function
The information from this source is relevant and relates properly with the study above such that it shows some of the challenges expected when enforcing the policies of mandatory vaccination as explained by the practitioners. In the topic, the resource will be essential in indicating potential methods to be used in enforcing mandatory vaccination. Moreover, the information can aid in supporting the thesis and enriching the background information pertaining to cases of reduced immunization.
Weithorn, L. A., & Reiss, D. R. (2018). Legal approaches to promoting parental compliance with childhood immunization recommendations. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics , 14 (7), 1610-1617.
Summary
The article is interested in identifying various legal tools essential in promoting the cooperation of parents to the immunization of children which can help to reduce future health challenges. The study reveals that different states exhibit different laws supporting healthcare practices and vaccination and reforms within the countries can be essential in ensuring vaccine-preventable diseases, especially in the United States, are reduced though mandatory vaccination and compliance of the parents.
Evaluation
The article is obtained from semantic scholar, and is a journal based on Human Vaccine and Immune-therapeutics, which is integral in verifying the credibility of the source and its importance in the research. The credentials of the authors are also verifiable, with the two scholars having medical related educational qualification and experience of more than 8 years dealing with immunization of children. The editorial process commenced in 26 th September 2017, and the final publication was done in 15 th Feb 2018. The use of in-text citations reveals the reliance on external sources for the research, showing some concepts are extracted from other studies, with evidence being the reference of journals and research from other scholars.
Function
In comparison with the study above, it is evident that the information from this study comprehends what the other scholars present. The two sources imply that mandatory vaccination is faced with various challenges, and legal intervention can help to mitigate the issue and ensure prevention of the health issues in future for the children. Information gathered from the source, therefore, is integral in supporting the thesis of the paper and in showing the need for mandatory vaccination. Furthermore, the concept of legal intervention will be integral in the recommendation of possible actions to ensure there is mandatory vaccination of children against various diseases.
Gostin, L. O. (2018). Mandatory vaccination: understanding the common good in the midst of the global polio eradication campaign. Israel journal of health policy research , 7 (1), 4.
Summary
The research aims to determine the necessity to using governmental power in protecting the health of the public and enhance their safety through the use of state laws and policies supporting mandatory vaccination of the community. The study argues that the government is obliged to seek measures that can help meet the health goals within a country, which is why their intervention through development of laws mandating the public to succumb to the compulsory vaccination is integral and can safeguard the public’s health.
Evaluation
The source’s credibility is verifiable as it is obtained from the Israel Journal of Health Policy Research and published through the Biomed Central; a database that is renowned for having proper materials for medical studies. The authors’ credibility is not questionable either due to their previous works and important practical exposure they have had in jurisdictions and working with the government. The editorial process for the article commenced in 14 December 2017, and the research was accepted on the same date and published on 3 rd January 2018. The use of in-text citations is evidence that the article has relied upon external sources from different authors, which shows how robust the information presented is. Additionally, the scholar has ensured to provide a list of references utilized throughout the research, thus lack of plagiarism.
Function
In comparison with the other sources, it is clear that the importance of government intervention in promoting mandatory vaccination is evident. Therefore, the resource is in line with the other research presented above and complements the idea of legislations to support compulsory vaccination. The information obtained from the article is integral in developing the selected topic, supporting the thesis and in enriching the recommendations towards compulsory immunization for the children.
References
Bozzola, E., Spina, G., Russo, R., Bozzola, M., Corsello, G., & Villani, A. (2018). Mandatory vaccinations in European countries, undocumented information, false news and the impact on vaccination uptake: the position of the Italian pediatric society. Italian journal of pediatrics , 44 (1), 67. Obtained from https://scholar.google.com/scholar_url?url=https://ijponline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13052-018-0504-y&hl=en&sa=T&oi=gsb-gga&ct=res&cd=0&d=13724217566289989744&ei=VpaUXJnxKI_CmgG76qzIAg&scisig=AAGBfm34YoLOEinNICpG_bITYYMwXW2qeg
Gostin, L. O. (2018). Mandatory vaccination: understanding the common good in the midst of the global polio eradication campaign. Israel journal of health policy research , 7 (1), 4. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5753519/pdf/13584_2017_Article_198.pdf
Oku, A., Oyo-Ita, A., Glenton, C., Fretheim, A., Ames, H., Muloliwa, A., ... & Owoaje, E. (2017). Perceptions and experiences of childhood vaccination communication strategies among caregivers and health workers in Nigeria: a qualitative study. PloS one , 12 (11), e0186733. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5678719/pdf/pone.0186733.pdf
Weithorn, L. A., & Reiss, D. R. (2018). Legal approaches to promoting parental compliance with childhood immunization recommendations. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics , 14 (7), 1610-1617. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7d20/0e83e07969bd5557422dfc8f3a017d80f15d.pdf
