The theory of dualism and monism has been used to explain the relationship between the mind and body (Kebede, 2016). According to the dualism theory, the mind and the body are two different principles whereby the interaction of the mind and the body happens in the pineal gland. The form of duality that exists here tells that the body is controlled by the mind and also that the body has the capability of influencing the rational mind especially when people are out of passion. The assumption of the theory is that there exists a two-way interaction between mental and physical substances.
Monism, on the other hand, attributes oneness to a concept. Materialism is one basic of monism that attributes the belief that there is nothing in existence apart from the mind. The assumption of the materialist psychologists is that the mind is the function of the brain. This argument sees human beings as nothing more than complicated physiological organisms. Phenomenalism is another concept of monism that brings an argument that only the mental objects like the mind exist and the body is just a perception of the mind (Kebede, 2016).
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In my opinion, I believe that the most credible theory is monism. This is because the behaviorists assume that the only concern of psychology is the observable actions that are stimulus and response. The argument is that the mind cannot be studied scientifically and objectively and hence should be ignored (Kebede, 2016). The non-existence of the mind because of the lack of the physical structure known as mind follows the approach of monism. The biologists, on the other hand, beliefs on the existence of the brain and its structures which identifies the existence of the physical mind. Since the two both believe in the existence of only one reality, the approach remains to be monism.
Reference
Kebede, M. (2016). Beyond Dualism and Monism: Bergson's Slanted Being. Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy , 24 (2), 106-130.
