Apart from the four factors that professor Hook mentioned; the distribution of authority, issues of urban sprawl and smart growth, regional governance, states and urban policy, there are other areas of concern that require attention. Such challenges include threats to global commons and weapons proliferation. To start with weapon proliferation, as nations work to foster improved security that will result in the product of a world free from nuclear weapons, the continuous incidence of proliferation challenges still appear (Dokos & Thanos, 2007). Such an issue can pose a direct threat to global security.
To the global commons, the delicate ecosystem that is responsible for the sustenance of plants and animal life is adversely experiencing threats by most populations. People are depleting the limited natural resources present, through rampant deforestation and pollution of both the water and air. The activities have engaged countries in confronting environmental decay as a significant foreign challenge. The problem has a transnational effect since pollutions mostly affect the whole population of humans.
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From the factors that professor Hook mentioned, the issue that will be most serious in the coming three to four decades is regional governance and the distribution of authority. Activities such as city-county consolidation and the presence of regional planning commission contribute a lot to regionalism. Some localities have even engaged in unplanned regional cooperation using service sharing. Service sharing involves the agreement of jurisdictions to boost specific services or also exchange them. For example, a particular government may offer temporary possession of jail space to another government. In the challenge of distributing authorities, devolution has been one of the factors affecting nations (Bradbury, Jonathan & Mawson, 2014). The transfer of some powers and delegations of specific functions from the state government to the local government has frequently emerged. Moreover, the ability of the local government and the states to cooperate effectively has been impossible because of the presence of states local tug of wars which in turn hinders their response capabilities when addressing disasters.
References
Bradbury, J., & Mawson, J. (2014). British regionalism and devolution: the challenges of state reform and european integration . Routledge.
Dokos, T. P. (2007). Countering the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction: NATO and EU options in the Mediterranean and the Middle East . Routledge.
