The A, B and Z forms of DNA defers in several ways. A-DNA has eleven base pairs per helix and its duplex right-handed. This type of DNA is relatively shorter than any other model of DNA. A-DNA also has C3 form of endoconfirmation. The B- DNA has ten base pairs per helix similar to the A-DNA. The B-DNA has a right-handed duplex. B-DNA is considered to be the most stable DNA, and due to this, it is the DNA that is mostly studied by the biologists. Unlike the A-DNA, the B-DNA has C2 endoconfirmation. Finally, Z-DNA has twelve base pairs, and unlike the other two, this one has a left-handed duplex. Unlike the other DNA structures, the Z-DNA is zigzag in shape. This DNA is similar to A-DNA in that it has a C3 endoconfirmation. Among the three types of DNA, B-DNA is the most popular. The vertical line per BP of the three DNA vary in such that B-form has 3.4 Å A-form has 2.56 Å while Z-for has 19 Å ( Ivani, at el., 2016)
Every type of DNA has a specific genetic weakness that makes people prone to specific infections. Other DNA forms are strong that they prevent people from being infected by certain diseases. The A-DNA is more preventive to common bacterial species such as the micrococcus. On the other hand, B-DNA is a more stable DNA and more powerful type; therefore, it is more protective to the species of genetic-related species of diseases. Finally, the Z type of DNA is more preventive to the virus species.
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Reference
Ivani, I., Dans, P. D., Noy, A., Pérez, A., Faustino, I., Hospital, A., & Portella, G. (2016). Parmbsc1: a refined force field for DNA simulations. Nature methods , 13 (1), 55.
