Singularity has been defined by many artists and fictional writers from various fields who try to explain what we expect with the merging technological advancements. The combination of human intelligence and machine intelligence is expected to create something bigger such that man won’t have the ability to control (Kurzweil, 2017) . Therefore, the singularity can be defined as a development of artificial superintelligence expected to trigger tremendous technological growth leading to profound changes to human civilization. Internet connectivity has contributed a lot in technological advancement where screens seem to take every person attention throughout the world (Ferry, 2017) . This paper will address the existing information on singularity and how singularity is witnessed in our lives today and the expected outcome of singularity in the future.
The word singularity was initially described by John von Neumann, a mathematician who stated that with the fast-tracking growth of technology and variations in human life, it would seem that technology will begin replacing humans in all fields which might make us obsolete (Scherer, 2015) . Additional, Vernor Vinge expanded the idea of singularity by telling people to be cautious about the technological singularity where the intelligent machine will have the capability of performing any task and will be more intelligent than those who created it (Walsh, 2016) . Additionally, Ray Kurzweil said that the development of superintelligence machines would create an environment where people will be worried about the harm the machine might cause (de C Henshaw 2016) . Also, Ray Kurzweil addressed the importance of human rather than singularity.
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The negative message about the effect of singularity has been based on the literature of science fiction writers and artists. Despite the big picture of artificial superintelligence expected in the future, the world today is experiencing the technological impacts which have influenced people lives (Kurzweil, 2017) . Although many people are against the idea of the singularity, it has made a tremendous change in, biotechnology, nanotechnology, and artificial intelligence which have revolutionized the world of technology.
Biotechnology involves the manipulation of biological processes, living organisms, and cellular components are manipulated to come up with new products and technologies. The analysis of the human genome is now possible and take several hours (Ferry, 2017) . The analysis of the entire human genome can now be used in the detection of genetic diseases, and genetic counseling. Efforts are now made by applying biotechnology to change life forms through the manipulation of genetic codes. Combination of technology and biology is now expected to improve the intelligence of babies during the prenatal stage.
Nanotechnology is expected to bring singularity by shaping the physical world through the direct manipulation of atoms and molecules. The ability to manipulate the world at the molecular level is a sign of technological advancement shortly (Ferry, 2017) . The three-dimensional development of nanoparticles has shown a potential target therapy where the nanoparticles can deliver medicines to the affected tissues (Ferry, 2017) . Nanomedicine is now used to destroy pathogens making it an amenable technique in diagnosis, prevention of disease, and treatment of regenerated cancer cells. The application of nanotechnology singularity is expected to manipulate the physical world where people will directly interact with atoms in their daily lives. Although many people argue the use of nanotechnology in daily life, further research needs to be done.
The singularity in biotechnology and nanotechnology with only be reached when human intelligence is somehow surpassed. Artificial Intelligence has now been witnessed in infrastructure, programming machines to enable us to perform a task better, accurate and unhindered by human physiology. Singularity in artificial intelligence is expected to occur in 2045 where the machine intelligence will have the cognitive skills to supersede human intelligence (Ferry, 2017) . Additionally, manipulating human intelligence where other people can read one’s brain is still a focus for advancing artificial intelligence.
Despite the artificial intelligence and technological advancement application for the benefit of people, several problems need to be addressed (Allan, 2014). One major problem of artificial intelligence is bleaching of people’s privacy. National security agencies can do illegal data mining without approval from the court of law (Glenn, 2007). Also, bleaching of privacy has been witnessed in social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram where people share personal information such as contacts, pictures, and emails (Esguerra,2009). Therefore, with the expected singularity shortly, privacy laws in media platforms need to be updated and enacted.
Also, the wide gap between regulatory laws and technological advancement is widening time after time. The problem is that technological advancement is at a high pace compared to the regulatory laws (Kiley, 2014). Additionally, social media has led to the biased issuance of loans where the creditors check whether bad debtors are your friends and fail to issue a person with a loan (McClure, Ha & May, K. 2014). This biased issuance of a loan is a form of inner.
Although biotechnology has promised a fruitful result, genome testing has been accompanied by data sharing problem. Similarly, the gene editing has been accompanied by unethical concern (Shanahan, 2015) . Some argue that gene editing during prenatal is interfering with God’s creation and in some case interfering with the fetus through prenatal testing has led to miscarriages and introduction of new diseases.
In conclusion, singularity is the expansion of artificial intelligence expected to trigger tremendous technological growth resulting to profound changes to human civilization. Several artists and fictional authors such as Vernor Vinge, John von Neumann, and Ray Kurzweil defined singularity and exposed its negative effects. Despite the negative statements singularity is expected to show positive impacts in biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and uses in nanotechnology. The technological advancement in artificial intelligence has also resulted in privacy problems and other social, economic problems. Similarly, biotechnology has been accompanied by ethical and physiological problems. Therefore, with the direction towards singularity in future other variables should be addressed to ensure that artificial intelligence does not supersede human intelligence.
Reference
Allan, P. (2014). Why Your Privacy Matters, Even If You're Not "Doing Anything Wrong."
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Esguerra, R. (2009). Google CEO Eric Schmidt Dismisses the Importance of Privacy.
Ferry, T. (2017). The road to singularity | Technological singularity documentary. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9DNWPyzxZcU
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Kiley, B. (2014). Glenn Greenwald's New TED Talk on Why Privacy Matters.
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