Most of the gender stereotypes that are present today were not available in the past. There is a relatively new trend in human's life. Such is because there have been social expectations on each gender, and their expectations are changing in different cultures across the globe. Gender roles are influenced by the believes that are present in society. The most common one is the "tomboy," which refers to how girls behave like boys. That is an indication that there is a manner in which society expects boys and girls to act, which is very different from each other. Gender and gender roles are not clear standards that apply to every individual in the current society. The issue can lead to the belief that those who do not conform to the community's expectations regarding gender are not supposed to be in existence. There will be the issue of discrimination and mistreatment of others. Instead, there is a need to view gender as behavior and an individual's identification that exists as a spectrum. A key solution to the problem is for the media to show the title of people who are not supporting traditional gender rules. Gender issue arises in a child while they are still young. For instance, it is common for the boy to associate the blue color and the girls with the pink color. When a child grows up, they have the mentality there are differences between them. The boy will develop the attitude that they are not supposed to cry, and the girly is made to grow up knowing there are vulnerable in the community. Gender roles in modern society are putting high financial expectations on women in the employment that it was in medieval times.
Literature Review
Narli and Akdemir (2019) investigated female emotional labor for Turkish women. The study's hypothesis stipulates that gender roles have been vital in determining the position and behavior of women in the workplace. The investigation's sample size consisted of 1448 women, and it was correlating with the number of call care centers in the city. The independent variable was the emotional labor, while the dependent variable was the level of work output. The article discusses some of the experiences that Turkish women undergo in the call centers. The main focus is on the emotional labor that they experience connected with job satisfaction—the data used in the investigation is qualitative and quantitative. The article adopts the meso approach. In the process, the focus is to establish the experience that certain groups undergo and their interactions. The authors focus on the emotional females in the Turkish labor market (Narli and Akdemir, 2019). The article establishes the experience that the identified group undergoes in their work line and how it affects their level of job satisfaction and relationship with other work colleagues. The investigation outcomes suggest that emotional labor is one of the Turkish women's requirements who work in the call centers. The women lack the needed support while dealing with customers, making it challenging to control their work stress. Hence, there is low job satisfaction among Turkish women. A fundamental limitation of the study is the inability to consider other aspects that might be compelling women's emotions in the workplace. Future investigations need to focus on how best to integrate policies affecting women when addressing the issue of changes in gender roles. The article is relevant to my hypothesis as it will indicate the changes in expectations of women's roles in workplaces.
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Neumayer & De Soysa (2011), in their article, suggests that globalization is working towards the empowerment of women, and so does the inequality gap keep on expanding. The research hypothesis states that particular dependency is a crucial contribution to gender roles in modern society. When women were using the family lands, they were not paying anything to operate in the country. But can get high wages when they sell the produce to factories, which will manufacture them and export them to the international markets (Neumayer and De Soysa, 2011). The sample size used in the investigation consists of a total of 72 women. The independent variables in the research were women's rights coded based on the United States department country. The dependent variables were the level of satisfaction of women with the coded women's rights policies. The independent and dependent variables were operationalized through the use of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was to ask women what they feel about several different policies so that it was possible to get the connection between the two variables. The study's design was qualitative, as the women's opinions were weighted against the coded policies. The investigation outcomes indicate that most of the women in the millennial world are still dissatisfied with their roles in society, as noted in the guidelines. A key challenge in the research was to distinguish between the different women policies in the community. The approaches vary from one state to another in the united states. Thus, there is a lack of consistency. The study is relevant to my research as it will provide information on whether or not policies are still a challenge to women's roles in modern society. The main aim is to understand there is equality in the contribution of women's roles in the community's development.
Cooray & Potrafke (2011), in their research paper, try to establish the effects of political institutions, culture, and religion in underlying inequality in education. The investigation suggests that gender inequality in modern society's primary influence is religion and politics. The study's sample size was 152 countries, and the data used was the enrollment ratio between the girls and boys both in the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of education. The independent variables included democracy, religion, region, and colony. The dependent variable was the boys to girl’s ratio. The design use in the investigation was quantitative. Operationalization of the hanging and the independent variables was done by defining the control and the experimental variables. The control variables included the ration, and others such as religion were experimental (Cooray & Potrafke, 2011). It would not be possible to control a person's belief, but it is possible to measure its influence on gender roles in modern society. The investigation outcomes show that political institutions did not have to influence girls' education in contemporary society. However, a variable like religion largely controls the education of girls. Thus, it was possible to find an educational institution where there are more boys than girls when belief is put into consideration. Data analysis was done statistically using an SPSS where the main focus was on the effect that social attributions have on the shift in boys' and girl's ration in educational institutions (Cooray & Potrafke, 2011). An important limitation of the investigation is the inability to measure more than a single variable at once. For instance, it was not possible to measure the influence of both politics and religion o the boys to girls’ ratio at once. Future studies need to focus on determining the effects of children's enrollment in education when more than a single factor is considered. Such is because there is a possibility that one factor influences the other, which in turn affects gender roles in modern society. For instance, politics may not directly control the boy-to-girl ratio, but it influences the country's religion, affecting the enrolment. The article will be vital to my investigation as it will provide information on the changes that have taken place in the modern education sector when the factor of gender is put into consideration.
Hypothesis
Gender roles in the modern society are putting high financial expectations on women in the employment that it was in the medieval times.
Variables and Operationalization
There are two variables in the hypothesis under investigation. One of the variables is the dependent variable, which is represented by women's level of satisfaction in the workplace. The other variable is independent, and the family burden characterizes it. In the research, the family burden will refer to what is expected of the women. Thus, the focus will be on the roles that the woman has to play at home, such as financially support the family and their level of satisfaction with the work they are doing. Each of the variables will be measured differently. Operationalization of the dependent variable will be done using a Linkert scale. The psychometric scale will have values from one to five. One will represent the least satisfied female employee, and five will express high satisfaction. The independent variable's operationalization will be done by knowing the number of women from a family with financial obligations. The obligations could be to pay for the children's school fees, buy food that the family members consume, or make payment for the house rent for those living in a rental facility. The study will focus on the three as they are the basic needs that a family is most likely to require. Studies show that most people spend a considerable portion of their income on either paying rent, buying food, or paying for their children's school fees. Another key concern in the research will be on the participant's income level as far as the dependent variable is concerned. Income level equally affects the level of satisfaction of the women employees and will indicate a shift in women's role in modern society.
Sample
The sample size will consist of 32 participants. All will be women working in different organizations. The criteria for selecting the women who will participate in the investigation is through a stratified sampling method. The sample size will be divided into two groups: the controlled group and the other being the experimental group. In stratified sampling, specific traits are incorporated into the investigation. For instance, a key concern in the research will be women who have financial duties in their homes. The controlled group will consist of a participant who pays for their children's school fees, pays the house rent, or buys food for the household. The experiment will have participants who don't have financial obligations home at home, and they don't do any of the three mentioned things with their salary. The satisfaction with the job will then be determined through questionnaires that will ask the participants a series of questions, and they will have to rate their feeling between one and five.
Quantitative Procedure
The collection of data is through the use of questionnaires. They will record using several what they feel about each of the questions asked. Those who have financial obligations at home will be placed under one category with their responses. Those without any financial commitment will be placed in another class with their answers. The outputs are recorded in a table side-by-side for ease of comparison.
Statistical Analysis and Rationale
The analysis of the data collected will be done using SPSS as the statistical tool. The focus of the examination will be to determine the correlation between the women's level of satisfaction with financial obligations and those without. Using SPSS is to determine if there is any correlation between the two groups of women. Women without financial commitments will be a representation of the gender roles of women in medieval times. It was not within the responsibility of the women to provide for the family in the past. However, those with financial obligations will represent the women in the Millennial’s times, which can provide for the family. The main concern is on knowing if there is a variation in the women's opinion regarding the changes that have taken place in their roles in the community. A correlation between the two women will indicate a lack of difference between women's financial obligations in the past and modern society. The absence of a correlation between the two groups will show that there has been an evolution in the financial obligation roles of women, and there is a new expectation in modern society.
Discussion
Even if women manage to secure a job opportunity due to globalization, they are still denied the rights of representation, unionizations, and compensation. The role and responsibility of women in the globalized world are now changing. Globalization has affected the issue of equality, both positively and negatively. One of the positive implications is the increase in employment opportunities for women. The service sector has been the primary source of employment in the economy. The industry mainly attracts women, allowing them to earn income and improve their living standards. Trade is one of the positive effects of globalization, and the exportation of agricultural goods and services has been on the rise. Women are mainly the ones who work on farms, and with trade-in place, they can earn a living. Some have even moved to greater heights where they do in the respective trade and agricultural production companies. On the negative side, women are being overworked and still get minimum wages than men. As globalization is shifting the focus of women's responsibility in the formal employment sector, their household responsibilities are but not changing. Women have to go to work for long hours and fixed schedules and still return home and attend to his family. Some have even failed to take the challenge and have opted to quit employment. Jobs have been created overseas, and women have had to travel only to end up in human trafficking. Based on the discussion above, the positive impact of globalization on gender equality has more weight than the negative consequences. Thus, more focus should be on how best to capitalize on the positive effects to create gender equality.
References
Cooray, A. & Potrafke, N. (2011). Gender inequality in education: political institutions or culture and religion? European Journal of Political Economy 27 , 268-280.
Narli, N., & Akdemir, A. (2019). Female Emotional Labor in Turkish Call Centers: Smiling Voices Despite Low Job Satisfaction. Sociological Research Online, 24 (3), 278-296.
Neumayer, E. & De Soysa, I. (2011). Globalization and the empowerment of women: an analysis of spatial dependence via trade and foreign direct investment. World Development 39, 1065-1075.
