Woodcut – It is the earliest printmaking technique, which was first introduced in China during the ninth century. The application of this technique had been greatly diversified from its use for stamping designs onto playing cards, fabrics, and textiles to its use in book illustration and other art forms. This technique involves the sketching of a design on a piece of wood and the cutting off the extra sections. The design is then inked and then transferred to the desired piece of art.
Lithography – In this case, the design is made in a stone. The first step is to draw an image on a polished stone slab using a greasy ink or oil-based lithographic crayons. The stone is then treated using a chemical solution that hold the greasy printers ink. The image is then fixed with a solvent to ensure a secure bonding onto the stone. To prepare the surface of the stone for the inking process, it is dampened with water. It is then inked and the design is ready for printing.
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Etching – This printmaking technique involves the creation of an incision on the surface. A metal plate is first grounded using a waxy, acid-resistant substance before the design is drawn. It is then placed in an acid bath, which creates an incision on the exposed lines, leaving the grounded areas protected. The ground is then removed with a solvent, the plate is inked, wiped, and the design is ready for printing.
Screen-print – This is a stencilling technique that is used to apply images or words to papers and other different materials. In this case, the artist cuts out an image into a plastic film or sheet of paper, creating a stencil. It is the cut-out area only that will print out ("What is a Print for MoMA", 2019).
References
What Is A Print for MoMA? (2019). Retrieved from https://vimeo.com/100768611
