The paper is about ways in which anxiety disorders result from various factors, including genetics, psychological, and environmental factors. It also details ways in which the forces relate to the development of personality, particularly based on the unique traits that people portray. It discusses the manner in which many people associate anxiety with personality although this does not serve as the case in a large number of instance. The paper also details the manner in which anxiety occurs together with its epidemiology while reveling statistics of the prevalence of the condition in different parts of the world. The paper also discusses how personality relates to personality, particularly based on the manner in which the personality of individuals influences the extent of the anxiety that they experience. It also offers means of managing anxiety in an effort to improve the personality wellbeing of people. The study concludes by arguing that realizing the influence that anxiety toward personality plays a critical role in terms of fostering positivity and confidence among people in their daily undertakings.
Part A: Outline
Thesis statement: Anxiety disorders emanate from a myriad of forces, which result from genetics, psychological, and environmental forces.
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Genetics cause anxiety
The genetics of people determine whether they would develop anxiety
Like other medical and mental health situations, individuals might be genetically predisposed to portray various symptoms while this applies for anxiety disorders
Methodological and technological transformations have provided researchers with avenues for assessing the role of genes in anxiety development
However, the existing research is in the initial phases
Irrespective of this, it has key effects for people experiencing anxiety disorders
For instance, individuals might be vulnerable to establishing particular genetic markers passed on to them (Doroudian, Vakili, & Amin-Esmaeili, 2018)
Vulnerability together with certain environment
Studies reveal that first degree relatives of people having anxiety have increased chances of developing anxiety disorders
First degree relatives comprise of family members closely linked to an individual, including children, siblings, and parents
Generally, women have increased chances developing anxiety disorders
ADAA statistics reveal that the chances of women developing anxiety are twice the one of men (Cangur, Yaman, Ercan, Yaman, & Tok, 2017)
While the conditions might emerge when aged around 30 years, most of the diagnosed ones have struggled with the symptoms prior to visiting healthcare professionals
Anxiety disorders emerge gradually while highest risks prevail from childhood to middle ages.
Psychological factors cause anxiety
Poor skills for coping, such as inflexible or rigid problem solving, avoidance, denial, negative thoughts, intense self-expectation and affective instability lead to anxiety
Anxiety also relates to the pessimistic outcomes of people and mays they handle feedback negativity
Attitudes and temperament serve as anxiety’s risk forces
Cognitive distortions, including catastrophizing, overgeneralizing, binocular brick, emotional reasoning can lead to anxiety
Those having high anxiety might also develop stressful events in the future (Yıldız, Şahin, Batmaz, Songur, & Kutlutürk, 2017)
Anxious thoughts result in anticipatory anxiety and stressful events that lead to increased anxiety
Psychodynamic theory argues that anxiety emerges from conflicting unconscious fears and wishes manifesting through maladaptive defense approaches
These comprise of issues related to repression, suppression, regression, anticipation, passive aggression, and dissociation among others
They assist in adapting to challenges with early objects, such as caregivers and the empathic failures witnessed during childhood.
For instance, when parents discourage anger persistently, the actions might lead to repression of angry feelings that prevail as somatization in the event that other parties issue provocations (Smith, Barstead, & Rubin, 2017) .
Anger remains beyond the awareness of an individual and unconscious
Environmental forces cause anxiety
The environment exposes people to threats and dangers all the time
People lack experience that their encounter with anger results in anxiety
When dangers arise, people portray certain forms of anxiety, such as PTSD
In the event of milder anxiety, other anxiety types result (Oddo-Sommerfeld, Hain, Louwen, & Schermelleh-Engel, 2016)
Understanding this is particularly vital when it comes to deploying prevention measures
Comprehending the causative environmental forces is vital for treatment purposes
Individuals need to think of stressors that encounter and areas that they experience problems
Identifying the problem early makes it possible to treat it and realize better outcomes (Berenson, Downey, Rafaeli, Coifman, & Paquin, 2011)
People are able to function better as well
Conclusion
Various forces contribute to people developing anxiety
They comprise of genetics, psychological, and environmental
The different forces have distinct effects, which demand differing approaches to address
Early identification is crucial to facilitating prevention or even efficient treatment
This way, it would be possible to drive the personality of individuals in a positive lens
Part B: Research Paper
Introduction
In the viewpoint of a large number of individuals, they associate anxiety with their personality. However, anxiety does not serve as a form of personality disorder. Personality disorders are usually considered as psychological disorders, which different forms of personality characterize, while they are distinct from the prevailing cultural norms. They usually lead to major interpersonal issues and distress (Wei, Russell, Mallinckrodt, & Vogel, 2007) . Various personality disorders can prevail simultaneously with anxiety disorders, such as it is the case with borderline personality disorder. These usually have anxiety as a key symptom. In the viewpoint of professionals in the field of psychology, personality disorders are among the most prevalent psychological disorders worldwide. Part of the reason for this is that personality disorders target accounting for all forms of abnormal behavior (Mushquash, Stewart, Mushquash, Comeau, & McGrath, 2014) . In fact, when it comes to the case of the obsessive compulsive personality disorder, it serves as a unique disorder, which differs from obsessive compulsive disorder, irrespective of them sharing a common name. To assist individuals in learning more concerning themselves together with the anxiety that they experience, it is crucial to refrain from directing considerable attention to labels during the start (Root, Hastings, & Rubin, 2016) . Rather, it is essential to emphasize on the idea of serving as increasingly psychologically healthy as opposed to directing concerns toward whether a disorder prevails. In this sense, the paper discusses the causes of anxiety based on how they relate to development of personality.
Anxiety Occurrence and Epidemiology
Globally, statistics reveal that over 500 million individuals experience behavioral and mental disorders. Five out of the 10 major forces behind premature deaths and disability in different parts of the world result from psychiatric conditions. When it comes to mental disorders, they are representative of the intense, social, psychological, and economic challenges that the society experiences (Berenson, Downey, Rafaeli, Coifman, & Paquin, 2011) . They also lead people to have increased risks of developing physical illnesses. In the event of neuropsychiatric situations, they are representative of approximately 13 percent of the overall DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years) lost because of the different injuries and illnesses that prevail worldwide, while estimates expect them to rise to around 15 percent by 2020 (Wildes, Ringham, & Marcus, 2010) . This depicts that these issues are of major concern and demand considerable attention.
When it comes to anxiety disorders, such as depression, they serve as the most dominant psychiatric conditions. They consist of various forms of distinct disorders. For a large number of anxiety disorders, they become apparent first during childhood as well as teenage years. According to evidence, a considerable high number of children fail to overcome the anxiety that they experience once they attain teenage years and adulthood (Ledgerwood & Petry, 2010) . Differing surveys argue that anxiety influences around one-eighth of the overall population worldwide. The lifetime total rate of prevalence for anxiety disorders is approximately 24.9 percent. For the data, it claims that the severity of anxiety disorders is more intense as opposed to substance abuse and affective disorders. The anxiety disorders’ prevalence poses challenges when it comes to pinpointing. The reason for this is that even when it comes to even minute alterations in the criteria for diagnosis, the methods of study as well as interview tools usually influence results (Cangur, Yaman, Ercan, Yaman, & Tok, 2017) . The global prevalence of the different anxiety disorder forms varies. Furthermore, various medical conditions prevail whose symptoms resemble the ones of anxiety disorders, including tachycardia, palpitations, breath shortness, chest tightness or pain, and hyperventilation. These present challenges when it comes to recognizing anxiety disorders. In this sense, it is crucial to have increased understanding of the prevalence rates to facilitate in determining the ideal means of handling such conditions (Doroudian, Vakili, & Amin-Esmaeili, 2018) . Differentiating the different medical conditions that resemble anxiety disorders would also play a critical role when it comes to facilitating in dealing with the issue more effectively.
For a large number of psychiatric patients, they usually portray two or additional simultaneous psychiatric illnesses (comorbidity) during their lifetime. Anxiety might serve as a concomitant symptom attributed to a serious psychiatric illness. The symptoms of anxiety are exceedingly common among patients showing schizophrenia, mood disorders, dementia, delirium, and substance abuse disorders. Furthermore, various drug classes lead individuals to portray symptoms that resemble the ones of anxiety (Ledgerwood & Petry, 2010) . In this vein, it is essential to have comprehensive understanding of these kinds of drugs in an effort to differentiate the real symptoms that result from anxiety.
Anxiety Relation to Personality Development
For most of the people dealing with anxiety, they realize that it is usually irritating while it might also be crippling. Anxiety influences approximately 40 million of adults annually in America indicating that those with the condition are not alone. Whereas this might not serve as a surprise among many individuals, certain personality elements prevail, which might subject individuals to anxiety more. Research reveals that that the personality of individuals does not only influence anxiety. Rather, it might also safeguard them from the condition as well (Mushquash, Stewart, Mushquash, Comeau, & McGrath, 2014) . Understating the issue is complicated, although how understanding the manner in which the two influence each other would play a critical role when it comes to identifying means of addressing the anxiety symptoms.
In a research looking at the different ways through which personality traits can safeguard the brain of a person against the negative influences of things, such as depression and anxiety, it becomes evident that a relationship prevails between various personality traits and the volume of the brain. In the case of lower volumes of the brain, especially in particular areas, the level of anxiety increases (Oddo-Sommerfeld, Hain, Louwen, & Schermelleh-Engel, 2016) . In this perspective, to gain understanding of the actual influences of personality traits, including optimism, for example, it is vital to note the experience of persons with anxiety (Smith, Barstead, & Rubin, 2017) . Through a confirmatory analysis process, it becomes probable to identify common forces surrounding the influences of personality. Performing a sophisticated statistical method makes it possible to realize that a common force that prevails between anxiety and personality is quite dense (Root, Hastings, & Rubin, 2016) . Here, with certain brain areas having large volumes, individuals are able to develop increased protective personality characteristics, including positive affect as well as optimism.
The most crucial thing to emphasize in this case revolves around the idea whereby persons fail to realize the brain’s plastic nature. Here, it is essential to note that just despite the brain’s scan revealing that individuals have reduced volumes in certain segments of their brain, this does not mean that they cannot do anything to allow them to alter the circumstances. It is possible for persons to alter their brain. For instance, experts argue that training and experience can play a crucial role when it comes to changing the brain’s volume. Through training cognition, the recipients usually feel empowered the moment they feel that they are in control of their situations (Wei, Russell, Mallinckrodt, & Vogel, 2007) . This means that it is probable to work on establishing new skills, such as new approaches for regulating emotions, which guide people to adopt positive approaches that influence the functioning of the brain positively.
In the event of the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) approach, it usually influences persons from inside out. CBT serves as an approach that focuses on the patterns of thinking in an effort to alter the behavior of individuals. During this process, it alters the working of the brain together with means through which persons respond to issues, such as anxiety and stress among others. The different CBT practices that prevail revolve around problem-solving approaches for navigating challenging situations. Individuals also manage to face the fears that they encounter as opposed to distancing themselves from them (Wildes, Ringham, & Marcus, 2010) . Persons also learn approaches that assist them in calming down both physically as well as mentally.
Regarding the CBT approach, it does not indicate that persons showing depression or anxiousness are capable of deciding on getting better through a distinct approach to thinking while alone. This means that investigators are looking for new avenues on the manner in which the behavioral treatments would emerge successful when it comes to addressing issues related anxiety. Evidence also keeps growing supporting the advantages attributed to CBT (Yıldız, Şahin, Batmaz, Songur, & Kutlutürk, 2017) . With these, it becomes possible to understand ways of dealing with the personality of persons in an effort to address the various anxious situations that they experience.
Managing Anxiety to Boost Personality
For the different anxiety disorders that people portray, they serve as the most dominant types of psychiatric disorders (Berenson, Downey, Rafaeli, Coifman, & Paquin, 2011) . However, less than 30 percent of people suffering from anxiety disorders look for treatment. The individuals having anxiety can realize benefits by seeking various services as well as treatments (Ledgerwood & Petry, 2010) . Abiding to an effective diagnosis makes it possible to access accurate treatment, including psychological as well as medication treatments.
Psychological therapies, serves as the most popular treatment approach, especially in the case of severe anxiety while instant relief is vital to restoring functioning in line with hindering rapid and intense consequences. For instance, behavioral therapies emphasize on utilizing approaches, including relaxation, guided imagery, progressive desensitization, biofeedback, and flooding to minimize the responses to anxiety and eradicate key phobias. Individuals are subjected to situations and objects that they fear gradually via audiotapes or pictures. Afterwards, when probable, the people confront the situations or objects that they fear (Doroudian, Vakili, & Amin-Esmaeili, 2018) . Therapists usually accompany the people to offer guidance and support.
When it comes to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), individuals are able to learn means of handling their fears through altering their behaviors and thinking approaches. The key role attributed to behavioral therapy together with CBT revolves around minimizing anxiety through eradicating behaviors or beliefs, which assist in the maintenance of anxiety disorder (Cangur, Yaman, Ercan, Yaman, & Tok, 2017) . Research reveals that CBT serves as an effective tool when it comes to dealing with various anxiety disorders, especially social phobia and panic disorder. It comprises of two elements. For the cognitive component, it assists persons in altering their patterns of thinking, which assist them in dealing with fears encountered. In the event of the behavioral element, it targets altering the reactions that people have to situations that provoke anxiety. A major element attributed to the element revolves around exposure that permits people to face the things that they fear (Ledgerwood & Petry, 2010) . For instance, CBT deals with the existing automatic feelings and thoughts emanating from fear in line with key approaches for replacing or minimizing maladaptive patterns of behavior.
Regarding psychotherapy, it emphasizes on addressing stresses and conflicts together with the developmental issues linked to anxiety disorders via talk therapy. Psychotherapy entails interacting with professional mental health experts, including psychologist, psychiatrist, counselor, and social workers in an effort to handle the challenges associated with anxiety disorders (Oddo-Sommerfeld, Hain, Louwen, & Schermelleh-Engel, 2016) . Furthermore, when it comes to psychodynamic therapy, it revolves on the idea where the key abnormal behavior sources serve as unaddressed past skirmishes in line with the chances that intolerable unconscious drives penetrate consciousness (Mushquash, Stewart, Mushquash, Comeau, & McGrath, 2014) . In addition, regarding the parent training and family therapy approach, the emphasis is on the family together with the dynamics surrounding it. This practice revolves around the notion that people within a given family are incapable of improving in case they lack comprehension of the struggles that characterize family interactions (Smith, Barstead, & Rubin, 2017) . Hence, every member of the family needs to contribute to addressing the issue that needs solving.
Alternative approaches also prevail for dealing with anxiety disorders. For example, CAM (complementary and alternative medicine) is crucial in the healthcare setting. CAM therapies have realized considerable attention among medical researchers, medical doctors, the government, media, and the public. Different CAM types are utilized in managing issues related to anxiety (Root, Hastings, & Rubin, 2016) . The most dominant therapies comprise of herbal medicine, relaxation approaches, chiropractic, massage, nutritional supplement, and spiritual healing. However, it is essential to realize that certain hindrances prevail when it comes to utilizing antianxiety drug therapy, such as those related to the comorbid psychiatric disorders, while boosting dosage leads to effects that people are not able to tolerate (Yıldız, Şahin, Batmaz, Songur, & Kutlutürk, 2017) . Regarding the limitations, they have led scientists to focus on ways of researching plants that are usually adopted in alternative and traditional medicine systems for sleep disorders and affiliated means of coming up with safer drugs (Wei, Russell, Mallinckrodt, & Vogel, 2007) . Overall, adopting the different approaches for treating anxiety can play a critical role in allowing people to improve on their personality traits.
Conclusion
In conclusion, many people associate anxiety with personality, although this does not always serve as the case. On anxiety disorders, they serve as the most prevalent psychiatric situations in different parts of the world. Many children are unable to overcome the anxieties that they face even after attaining adolescence and adulthood. This serves as an indication that anxieties have major influence on the behavioral and mental wellbeing of people. However, it is crucial to note that anxiety and personality relate to each other in certain ways. Whereas personality does not affect anxiety, it is vital to note that it safeguards them from the condition, particularly when people have a large volume of their brain, which leads their brain to become dense while at the same time equipping them with effective means of dealing with various types of anxieties. Additionally, different approaches prevail for treating anxiety, which contribute toward allowing people to manage the various anxieties that they experience in a more effective manner. Thus, realizing the influence that anxiety toward personality plays a critical role in terms of fostering positivity and confidence among people in their daily undertakings.
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