Dada and surrealism art movements gained prominence immediately after the First World War. The Dada artists used art to reject the logic, reason, and aestheticism of the modern capitalist society. Instead, they chose to express irrationality in their art. The artists mainly felt that aestheticism, nationalism, and the desire to follow order had solely caused the war. The surrealists, unlike the Dada artists, chose to focus on the positive side, but rejected the conventional ways of creating artwork. They explored their subconscious rather than the conscious. They let their imagination wonder freely rather than being confined to set standards.
Marcel Duchamp is perceived to be a key influencer of the Dada movement. His best creation is the “Fountain” ( https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-sac-artappreciation/chapter/video-marcel-duchamp-fountain-1917/ ), a sculpture that ignored regular flow of lines and shapes. The sculpture also has an irregular balance, contrary to the standards at the moment that emphasized balance and perfection in art. Nevertheless, Duchamp’s “Fountain” is a popular icon presently because almost all modern urinals have the “Fountain” shape. Salvador Dali’s 1929 painting titled “The Great Masturbator” ( https://www.wikiart.org/en/salvador-dali/the-great-masturbator-1929 ) is one of the best examples of the Surrealism movement. Dali patched together incomplete items to express what he thought unconsciously. Most of Dali’s paintings explored nude images of women and combined them with other elements to make a sort of ‘visual noise’. Perhaps Dali was obsessed with thoughts of nude women.
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Surrealism and Dada movements definitely must have influenced abstract and pop art. In abstract art, artists create art that may not ‘make sense’ to other people, but to the artists, it has meaning. The same applies to pop art where artists experience unique ideas and concepts. Clearly, Dada and Surrealism expanded artists’ cones of vision, where they would no longer be limited to certain standards. Artists were now free, and the freedom increased their creativity. If the Dada and Surrealism movement had not existed, perhaps artists currently would be copy-pasting other people’s work and adopting it as their own. The world would be similar to the dark ages, where most artists were limited to biblical stories. Therefore, the positive impact of Dada and Surrealism to the world art is immense.
References
Wiki Art. Salvador Dali. Accessed April 4, 2019 from https://www.wikiart.org/en/salvador-dali
Lumen. Dada and Surrealism. Accessed April 4, 2019 from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-sac-artappreciation/chapter/video-marcel-duchamp-fountain-1917/
