The goal of intelligence testing is to achieve the idea of a person intellectual potential. Intelligence test help in measuring person able to perform socially and compete academically, reveals a person strength and weaknesses and give a highlight of what talented people don’t think they have (Naglieri, 2015) . Additionally, intellectual testing improves education skill and development, provides a standard tool in comparing people abilities and performance, and predicts achievement and identify gifted peoples.
One of the controversies illustrated in the article is the difference between IQ and intelligence which many people use interchangeably. Binet viewed intelligence as a combination of many skills contributed by the environment. In contrary, a sociologist in 1970s argued that IQ tests do not measure intellectual abilities and rather they thought that intelligence tests predict school and job performance because they reflect person social class advantage (Gottfredson & Saklofske, 2009) .
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It will not be appropriate for Dr. Williams to provide hints during the test. Dr. Williams will not be able to actually access the child intelligence correctly since he took part in assisting the child in answering the tests. Intelligence test will not provide enough information about Michael’s placement. Dr. Williams should consider the social challenges Michael has been going through with his parents recently divorced resulting in psychological stress. Dr. Williams should gather information about the social challenges Michael is going through.
Michael is a young child going through social challenges; he is greatly affected by his family challenges. As a child, his education is affected since he cannot get over the family divorce matters. Age works in his favor for placement in the special education program. Other factors that may have contributed to Michael’s performance and IQ score during the test include environmental, genetic and biological factors. Genetics plays a pivotal role in creating different IQ levels among different people. The heritability of intelligence quotient can be different among people which lead to different cognitive skills (Kandler et al., 2016) . Environmental factors such as nurture and parenting, nutrition and social relations in the family have a big influence on IQ. Similarly, nutrition plays an important role in brain cells development (Armor, 2017) . Biological factors such as mental illnesses, stress, and diseases work against IQ development (Belsky et al., 2015) .
In conclusion, the ultimate objective of intelligence testing is to achieve the idea of a person intellectual potential. Intelligence test is significant in measuring a person’s ability tp socialize and compete academically, reveals a person strength and weaknesses and give a highlight of what talented people don’t think they have. One of the controversies illustrated in the article is the difference between IQ and intelligence which many people use interchangeably. It will not be appropriate for Dr. Williams to provide hints during the test. Dr. Williams will not be able to actually access the child intelligence correctly since he took part in assisting the child in answering the tests. Michael is a young child going through social challenges; he is greatly affected by his family challenges. As a child, his education is affected since he cannot get over the family divorce matters.
References
Armor, D. (2017). Maximizing intelligence . Routledge.
Belsky, D. W., Caspi, A., Houts, R., Cohen, H. J., Corcoran, D. L., Danese, A., ... & Sugden, K. (2015). Quantification of biological aging in young adults. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 112 (30), E4104-E4110.
Gottfredson, L., & Saklofske, D. H. (2009). Intelligence: Foundations and issues in assessment. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne , 50 (3), 183.
Kandler, C., Riemann, R., Angleitner, A., Spinath, F. M., Borkenau, P., & Penke, L. (2016). The nature of creativity: The roles of genetic factors, personality traits, cognitive abilities, and environmental sources. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 111 (2), 230.
Naglieri, J. A. (2015). Hundred years of intelligence testing: Moving from traditional IQ to second-generation intelligence tests. In Handbook of intelligence (pp. 295-316). Springer, New York, NY.
